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WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY PROGRAM PROPOSAL FOR A BACHELOR OF SCIENCE/MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN BIOTECHNOLOGY School of Molecular Biosciences OCTOBER 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Summary 1 Introduction 3 I. Program Need 4 I.A. Relationship to Institutional Role and Mission 5 I.B. Documentation of Need for Program 6 I.C. Relationship to Other Institutions 8 II. Program Description 10 II.A. Program Goals and Objectives 10 II.B. Curriculum 11 II.C. Use of Technology 18 II.D. Faculty 19 II.E. Students 20 II.F. Administration 21 III. Program Assessment 21 III.A. Accreditation 21 III.B. Assessment Plan 22 III.C. Student Learning Outcomes Assessment Plan 22 IV. Finances 22 V. External Evaluation 22 APPENDICES Appendix I; Program Costs, BS Degree 23 Appendix II; Program Costs, MS Degree 24 Appendix III; Program Costs, Future Opportunities 25 Appendix IV; Course Descriptions 26 Appendix V; Letters of Support 29
Summary of Proposal The School of Molecular Biosciences proposes to offer a new BS in Biotechnology and a new MS in Biotechnology. We have already made changes in our undergraduate and graduate curriculum to facilitate the launching of these new degrees. Importantly, the degrees are designed in an integrative manner to facilitate student matriculation through the MS in approximately 5 years if starting as a freshman. Highlights of the proposed degrees are as follows.
INTRODUCTION The Bachelor of Science Degree in Biotechnology and Masters in Science in Biotechnology Degrees are proposed in order to fill the gap of needed scientists in the biotechnology field in the State of Washington and the nation. The students trained under this proposed program will not only obtain the necessary theoretical background and scientific base knowledge necessary to further this subject, but will also be given advanced laboratory experience and computer skills to meet the growing demands of today's biotechnology companies. These degrees will be unique in Washington and representative of only a few in the Western United States. The degree will be offered at the Washington State University Pullman campus, where there is a nationally recognized and well-established biotechnology program. For instance, many of the faculty in the School of Molecular Biosciences, the College of Veterinary Medicine, Pharmacy, Engineering, and the Institute of Biological Chemistry are participants in a very successful and long-term NIH training grant in Protein Biotechnology. Opportunities for specialized concentrations and internships with emerging biotechnology businesses and health care providers in the clinical context of Spokane will be incorporated into the curriculum and available at Washington State University Spokane. The degree programs will be centered in the School of Molecular Biosciences. However, as the program expands, it is anticipated that other units and Colleges will become active participants. Indeed, we are eager to initiate this program and have it serve as a catalyst for integrated efforts across the University in biotechnology. The School is excellently positioned to deliver all courses for the new degrees by the fall semester of 2002. Furthermore, the necessary research and teaching infrastructure is present. History of the School The School of Molecular Biosciences is a new administrative and academic structure that was created from the former Departments of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Microbiology, and Genetics and Cell Biology. The new structure currently maintains the original degree programs (Biochemistry/Biophysics, Genetics/Cell Biology, and Microbiology) while allowing for more integrated course content, more flexibility in the choice of majors, and a more diverse student experience. These changes have allowed us to better prepare our students for the science of tomorrow. The proposed degrees are logical next steps in the development of this School. Overview of Program Structure and Administration Students will take a course of study designed to meet both the General Education Requirements for graduation from WSU, and the special requirements to prepare themselves in the biotechnology industry. The MS is envisioned as a non-thesis degree focused on laboratory skills necessary for this profession. Furthermore, it is proposed to dovetail with the BS degree such that students can finish both degrees within 5 years (if entering as standard post-secondary students). Other pathways of matriculation, such as entering at a later time or transferring from other institutions are also included. The School of Molecular Biosciences will oversee the new program and be responsible for budgetary aspects. While final authority lies with the Director, day-to-day operations will be facilitated by the Associate Directors of Graduate Programs and Undergraduate Programs. Current faculty within the School and WSU Spokane will be available to provide instruction in the necessary classes. It is anticipated that no additional faculty will need to be hired. I. PROGRAM NEED Biotechnology is traditionally defined as the application of modern molecular, computer and engineering techniques to answer basic biological questions and to develop products and practices based on biology for use by society. Biotechnology, in its many current and potential applications, is the outcome of a revolution in the biological sciences that will affect every aspect of human existence. The applications of biotechnology are broad and have already brought impressive results in agriculture, human health, and environmental protection and restoration. Biotechnology is enabling industries in these general areas to make new or better products, often with greater speed, efficiency and flexibility. Biotechnology is also opening doors to better stewardship of the environment and biodiversity through new understanding of organisms and biological processes. The impact of biotechnology on the future of every human being and every animal and plant species will define the 21st century. Those engaged in biotechnology will use the knowledge, databases, and new tools to make, modify, or improve plants, animals and microorganisms for specific uses. Scientists will bioengineer organisms with predictive knowledge to diagnose and treat diseases, lower drug treatment toxicity, increase agricultural productivity, reduce environmental waste, and increase life expectancy. The engineers will design new drug delivery technologies, mechanical instruments for disease diagnosis, and new methods to "farm" or extract biochemicals. Computer scientists and mathematicians will develop advanced computer technologies and software to mine the knowledge contained in vast genetic and proteomic databases. Physicists played a major role in the development of molecular biology and are likely to play important roles in a multidisciplinary future of this technology. Social scientists and ethicists are involved in interpreting public reactions to biotechnology and in offering consultation on the ethics associated with biotechnology because of its profit potential and because of its influence on the economy and the stock markets. The role of the major research universities in biotechnology is the generation of new knowledge and innovations for the public benefit, the training of undergraduate and graduate students for the biotechnology work force, and education of the public about the appropriate use of biotechnology. The ability to translate university research into useful products and practices will require intellectual property management and interactions with a wide variety of stakeholders. Research in most, if not all, life science units and many engineering and computer science units has been affected by the emergence of biotechnology. The consideration of biotechnology and the impact it will have on our future life decisions are subjects for scholarly study across the university and for university outreach. I.A. Relationship to Institutional Role and Mission Biotechnology cuts across many different disciplines at Washington State University and is central to the institutional mission. This is evident by the fact that with the establishment of a Strategic Planning Committee in Fall 2000, Biotechnology was designated as the subject of one of nine Design Teams to study how to improve Biotechnology Programs at Washington State University. This proposal is one of the results of this work. Washington State University is at a crucial decision-making point in its history. Some of the strongest research programs at Washington State University are currently playing significant roles in biotechnology and a crucial core of excellence exists in several programs. The next step for the university must be to unify existing scattered efforts into a coherent institutional academic force. Washington State University can become known as a major national influence in the area of biotechnology and can build excellence in an area affecting all forms of life. As such, it is not just an opportunity but is also a responsibility to our faculty, students and the people of the State of Washington, the nation and the world. It should be stressed that this program, especially at the graduate level, is envisioned as one that will involve faculty from several Colleges once the basic structure is put into place. The proposed degree program supports the WSU mission as exemplified by our core values identified as Inquiry and Knowledge, Application, Leadership, Character, Stewardship, and Diversity. Central to the mission of the School of Molecular Biosciences is the goal to provide an outstanding education for future scientists. We aim to instill the desire and appreciated need for pursuing lifelong learning in a dynamic field, an appreciation of the ethical and sociological impact of science and biotechnology in our world, and a respect for the power and relevancy of biology in the 21st century. The WSU goals of educating through inquiry, knowledge, application, and leadership are inherent in the proposed program. The GERs, especially those "highly recommended" for this program, are designed to provide a comprehensive learning environment where students are exposed to other viewpoints and academic perspectives. Liberal arts courses investigate issues of theory, history, culture and the changing nature of society. It is a truism that biotechnology has made, is making, and will continue to make significant changes in the next century. For these reasons the course content seeks to not only make technical experts in the practice of biotechnology but also to provide a value-based foundation that addresses issues of ethics, diversity, stewardship, and character. The fundamental idea is to train our students with cutting-edge science while nurturing their development as national and world citizens. I.B. Documentation of Need for Program 1.B.1. Economic Growth and Development The economic impact of the biotechnology industry and the demand for individuals trained in biotechnology is documented in the May 2000 report to the Biotechnology Industry Organization titled, The Economic Contributions of Biotechnology Industry to the U.S. Economy.
Again, according to this report, in 1999, the biotechnology industry generated:
I.B.2. Workforce Needs In the State of Washington there are inadequate numbers of trained individuals to meet the needs of the Washington biotechnology industry. Graduates are hired very quickly. According to the 2000-01 0ccupational Outlook Handbook, opportunities for those people with a bachelor’s or master’s degree in biological sciences for which non-Ph.D’s usually qualify are expected to be more plentiful than independent research positions. Many of these positions will be as engineering technicians or health technologists. The report continues to project that pharmaceutical and other firms not solely engaged in biotechnology are expected to increasingly use biotechnology techniques, spurring employment increases. In 2000-01 the median annual earning of biological scientists was $46,140 while entry-level annual earnings for bachelor’s degree recipients in biological sciences averaged $29,000, master’s degree recipients averaged $34,450, and general biological scientists in non-supervisory and managerial positions averaged $56,000. The following are some facts about Washington's biotechnology industry statewide and the emergence of biotechnology industries in Spokane. This is based on 1999 data from Info. Resource, Inc. and research conducted by INTEC (Inland Northwest Technology Education Center) for Spokane in April 2001. • There are over 160 biotechnology and medical device companies in Washington. Around 44% were formed in the last five years, with new company formation continuing at a steady pace. In a 1995 study, it was conservatively estimated there would be 120 biotechnology companies by the year 2005. Clearly, the industry has surpassed that estimate. [Biotechnology & Medical Technology Workforce Training Report]. • The majority of companies (51%) are focused on research and development of therapeutic products, followed by diagnostics (32%), plant, agriculture and animal (4%), and other, including informatics, contract manufacturing, and genetic testing (13%). With the majority of the companies focused on research and development, it is crucial for students to be trained in the science of the subject, as well as in methodologies. • At the close of 1999, total aggregated biotechnology and medical technology industry employment in the state exceeded 15,000 people, an increase of 12.6% from 1998. Biotechnology employment exceeded 8,100, an increase of 9.6% from the prior year. Medical technology employment exceeded 6,800, an increase of 16.7%. It is estimated these two sectors combined indirectly employ more than 37,000 people currently in the state of Washington. A conservative estimate is that Washington biotechnology companies will need 2,000 trained individuals per year until 2005.
In the 1995 Workforce Training Report, it was indicated that biotechnology and medical technology firms project hiring more than 1,000 individuals over the next three years (1995-1998), 45 percent with Ph.Ds and MS degree, 52 percent with bachelor's degrees, and 3 percent with associate degrees. This strong need for bachelor's degrees is indicative of the state of the industry. According to the same reports, a majority of the state's biotechnology companies are at the research and development stage with a heavy reliance upon individuals with advanced degrees and specialized scientific skills. I.B.3. Student Interest and Demand Perhaps as important as the above statistics are the observations SMB faculty have made in the past 3-4 years as we recruit graduate students. While once rare, we are seeing 10-25% of our incoming graduate students desiring a terminal MS degree with the express purpose of pursuing a career in the biotechnology industry. Within our current degree structures, this need is difficult to meet efficiently and hence serves as a strong impetus for designing the proposed program. I. C. Relationship to Other Institutions At this point, there is a gap in degree offerings between the AA degree and the Ph.D. degree in biotechnology in the state of Washington. The proposed BS/MS degree programs are designed to fill this gap and meet a need among students and the biotechnology industry. The BS/MS degree program in Biotechnology would be the only one of its kind in Washington. Similar programs in the region are as follows: BS Degrees
The last three are from community colleges and serve the purpose of training people to work in the biotechnology industry; yet, many of these students go on to acquire four-year degrees, often in a science area. There is clearly a need for a four-year degree program in biotechnology. MS Degrees The MS degree in biotechnology is not offered in the State of Washington, although there are two programs available in this region of the country.
I.C.2. Uniqueness of the Program First and foremost, the proposed BS/MS in Biotechnology offers a seamless, integrated suite of science and liberal art courses designed to produce top quality, highly competitive, graduates at both the BS and MS levels. Because of this integration, and the ability to complete the non-thesis MS in a timely manner, we anticipate the majority of students will choose to pursue the MS. This program is hence envisioned as a "5 + 1" year track to the MS. Termination after the BS, however, will remain a viable option. The program is a unique combination of academic courses to establish a firm scientific basis in biotechnology concepts, intensive training in laboratory techniques employed in modern biotechnology and pharmacological industries, and a foundation for the application of this knowledge. II. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION II.A. Program Goals and Objectives The goal of the BS/MS Degree in Biotechnology is to prepare students with the academic and technical background necessary for work in the growing biotechnology areas, to instruct them in the many aspects of science involved in biotechnology, and to expose them to the various issues and problems still open in the area of biotechnology. This will be accomplished by:
The program objectives are to construct a high quality curriculum and program where students can expect to be highly competitive in a dynamic field after graduating with either the BS or the MS. Through the development of this program, the School will establish the possibility for increasing student enrollment by providing several entry points into this program (e.g. 1st year as incoming freshman, transfer in by WSU students in 2nd, 3rd, 4th years, transfer in by non-WSU students in 2nd, 3rd, or 4th years, and by acceptance into the graduate program either from the BS in Biotechnology from WSU or an appropriate degree from a different institution). We expect to maintain a very high level of admission requirement for both the BS and MS. Other objectives are to:
II.A.1. Student Learning Outcomes Student learning outcomes will be monitored through several internal and external methods. Internally, BS students will be monitored through their GPA and their successful completion of the courses and academic exercises inherent in this degree. Graduate students will be required to maintain a 3.0 GPA as per Graduate School requirements. Incentives for student achievement are built into the program. Highly capable students (identified via the above indicators, faculty contact, and advising) will be able to take some of their upper level courses as 500-level graduate courses (these would be from the few conjoint offerings in this program). As long as these credits are above the 120 needed for the BS, they can be applied to the MS. Student progress on the available research options and internships (see below) is another mechanism that we will use to monitor student learning outcomes. Ultimately, however, student learning outcomes are best assessed via feedback from their employers. We will actively seek this input using a variety of mechanisms. These include establishing a Board of Visitors for the School of Molecular Biosciences, soliciting specific feedback about our graduates, and soliciting specific feedback from our graduates. We have recently developed a strong outreach program from our unit and this infrastructure will be expanded, and revised, to facilitate this specific need. Obtaining this information from biotechnology companies and alumnae is especially important as we expand this program and enhance its reputation. II. B. Curriculum II.B.1. Undergraduate. The first two years of the BS in Biotechnology curriculum will have students taking basic chemistry, biology, physics, and math courses along with a concentration of GER courses. This design is both appropriate academically and will facilitate entry into the program by transfer students. The 3rd and 4th years of the undergraduate curriculum move the students into specialized science courses (genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, etc.), their required laboratory courses, and upper level GERs that will complement their scientific training. As such, the BS Biotechnology degree program will be distinct from any of our current degrees and will emphasize laboratory work and practical coursework with a more applied orientation. All university GER’s will be included in this program and we desire to augment these GER’s with "highly recommended" courses that we feel are important for a robust education in biotechnology. The proposed degree meets, and exceeds, the university requirements of 120 credits (of which 40 are GER) for graduation. While the proposed degree offers a distinct blend of courses, these courses are already being taught and only slight modifications are needed. For instance, we have already changed the instructor and course content for MBioS 304 (previously BC/BP 366) with this degree in mind. The restructured course, which is currently (Fall, 2001) being taught was redesigned to function as a robust introduction to basic biochemical laboratory methods and prepare the students for more advanced laboratory techniques. An important, yet difficult to quantify since each student might be somewhat different, aspect of this structure is that the time to complete the MS degree will be shortened by a managed transect of the undergraduate program. Graduate School policy allows up to 9 300- and 400-level credits to apply to the advanced degree if these credits are above the minimum of 120 needed for graduation. Additionally, undergraduate students can use 500-level credits toward their graduation. Thus, we will carefully advise the students in this program and optimize the use of these policies for their benefit. For instance, students with a GPA >3.5 after completion of their junior year will be encouraged to take some of the conjoint classes at the graduate level if these credits are not required for the BS. In no case, however, will students be allowed to circumvent the BS degree. In other words, the student must acquire 120 credits and follow University rules to complete the BS. Admission into the graduate program is contingent upon this and meeting our graduate admission requirements. Although, as outlined, the current proposal mainly emphasizes course offerings in the College of Sciences, this does not preclude, currently or in the future, working with other WSU Departments and Colleges (eg., the Math Department for developing a specialized statistics course or the Agricultural School for plant biotechnology offerings) to develop other degree options such as in agricultural or medical biotechnology. Graduate. The graduate curriculum focuses on course work and applied laboratories in biotechnology. This degree, like the undergraduate degree, essentially stems from basic biochemistry, genetics, cell biology, molecular biology, and microbiology which is reflected in the curriculum. The degree is designed as a non-thesis MS which is novel to the School of Molecular Biosciences. II.B.2. Admissions. Undergraduate. After completing the first year of basic chemistry, biology, and GERs, students will be eligible to apply for admission into the BS in Biotechnology program. Students can, of course, apply for entry at any time after this as well and will be considered as long as they are able to complete the sequence of required courses. Major criteria for admission will be based on GPA and faculty interviews/evaluations. Successful candidates will typically enter the program in the fall semester at the beginning of the second year. Transfer students will undergo the same evaluation process with the additional possibility of requesting two letters of reference from faculty where they have been enrolled. These students may enter the program at any time assuming they will be able to complete the required sequence of courses. Graduate. For application into the graduate program, students must meet all of the Graduate School entrance requirements, including a minimum GPA of 3.0. In addition, students must be able to demonstrate, primarily with an undergraduate transcript and letters of reference, a scientific and liberal arts background suited for advanced training in biotechnology. The School of Molecular Biosciences further requires incoming graduate students to take, and report the scores from, the GRE exam. II.B.3. Proposed BS Requirements: Lecture Courses. All of the following are required: Units Description Biol 103/104 8 Intro Biology Chem 105/106 8 Principles of Chemistry I and II Chem 240 4 Organic Chem (may substitute 340/341/342) Physics 101/102 8 General Physics Math 140 or 171 4 Mathematics for Life Scientists/Calculus Math 212/Stat 212 4 Introduction to Statistical Methods MBioS 301 4 General Genetics MBioS 303 4 Introductory Biochemistry MBioS 302 4 General Microbiology MBioS 420 3 Fundamentals of Molecular Genetics (this is a proposed revision/update of the current Molecular Genetics class) MBioS 401 3 Introduction to Cell Biology MBioS 427[M] 3 Perspectives in Biotechnology Laboratory Courses. Both of the following are required: MBioS 304 [M] 3 Introductory Biochemistry Laboratory MBioS 454 3 Molecular Biology Techniques Two of the following lecture electives: Botany 320 4 Plant Physiology Zool 352 3 Cell Physiology Zool 353 4 Mammalian Physiology Zool 251 4 Introductory Human Physiology MBioS 426 3 Microbial Genetics MBioS 450 3 Basic and Applied Microbial Physiology MBioS 440 3 Immunology MBioS 442 3 General Virology Biol 504 3 Experimental Methods in Plant Physiology Two of the following Laboratory Course Electives: MBioS 402 [M] 3 General Genetics Laboratory MBioS 441* [M] 2 Immunology Laboratory MBioS 443* 2 Virology Laboratory MBioS 378 1-3 Intro Molec. Biology Computer Techniques MBioS 360/Zool 452 2 Cell Biology Laboratory MBioS 495 1-4 Internship (possibly in conjunction with WSU Spokane) *Immunology Laboratory and Virology Laboratory must be taken in conjunction with the lecture part of the course, MBioS 440 and MBioS 442. Science electives, if needed, to a total of 65 semester hours of science courses plus the required GER course: Econ 101 3 Fund. Microeconomics The following courses are highly encouraged. These will both hone specific skills and provide alternative perspectives on biotechnology from leading thinkers outside the sciences. Engl 402 3 Technical and Professional Writing Phil 365 3 Biomedical Ethics Phil 370 3 Environmental Ethics Soc 331 3 Population, Resources, and the Future Soc 332 3 Society and Environment Soc 430 3 Society and Technology A list of course descriptions may be found in Appendix IV. Summary of Course of Study for BS Degree The four year plan listed below reflects all the credits a student needs to graduate. Freshman Year - 1st Semester Chem 105 4 Biol 103 4 GenEd 110 or 111, or Eng 101 3 Math 140 or 171 4 Total hours 15 Freshman Year - 2nd Semester Biol 104 4 Chem 106 4 GenEd 110 or 111, or Eng 101 3 Physics 101 4 Total hours 15 Sophomore Year - 1st Semester A&H GER 3 Chem 240 (or 340, 341) 4-5 Comm. Prof. 3 Phys 102 4 Total hours 14-15 Sophomore Year - 2nd Semester MBioS 302 4 MBioS 301 4 GenEd 110 or 111 or Eng 101 3 Elect or Chem 342 3 A&H, SocSc GER 3 Total hours 17 Junior Year - 1st Semester A&H, SocSc GER 3 Econ 101 [S] 3 MBioS 303 4 MBioS 304 (M) 3 Science elective (if needed) or elective 3 Total hours 16 Junior Year - 2nd Semester A&H or SocSc GER 3 Math 212/Stat 212 4 MBioS lecture elective 3-4 MBioS lab elective 1-4 Intercult 3 Total hours 14-18 Senior Year -1st Semester MBioS 427 (M) 3 MBioS lecture elective 3-4 MBioS lab elective 1-4 MBioS 454 3 Elective (if needed) 0-3 Total hours 13-14 Senior Year - 2nd Semester Science elective (if needed) Or elective 3 Elective (if needed) 0-4 MBioS 401 3 Capstone GER 3 MBioS 420 3 Total hours 12-16 TOTAL CREDIT HOURS 120-122 Instructional Methods Instructional methods will vary from course to course, depending on the nature of the course. These methods will include lectures, computer laboratories, and wet laboratories. In addition, several courses are offered through WHETS. II.B.4. Curriculum - MS Degree The MS Biotechnology degree programs will emphasize laboratory work and practical coursework with a more applied orientation. A major difference between the proposed degree and our current MS degrees is that the proposed degree is a non-thesis Master’s. The rationale for this is to provide students with the necessary technical background in a manageable length of time. The proposed MS degree in Biotechnology will be the only one at Washington State University and in the State. The following is a proposed set of courses to fulfill the requirements for a MS degree in Biotechnology. Course Requirements: These would ordinarily require only 12 months of studies following the completion of the BS degree. All of the following: Units Course Description MBioS 513 3 General Biochemistry MBioS 503/504 6 Molecular Biology MBioS 501 3 Cell Biology MBioS 506 3 Molecular Techniques in Microbiology MBioS 578 3 Molecular biology computing techniques MBioS 5XX 2 Proteomics laboratory (future course) MBioS 702 4 (S/F) Master’s Special Problems Highly Recommended: MBioS 574/Chem E 574 3 Protein Biotechnology (includes bioethics) Depending on the student’s background (i.e. WSU curriculum, transfer student, or student entering with a BS from a different institution), we anticipate advising students to take upper-level undergraduate courses from our "highly recommended" list (see above) to complement these science courses whenever possible. Coursework from the list below to complete a total of 26 (or 23 if MBioS 574 completed) semester units of graded credit, when including the above-required courses: MBioS 561 3 Biochemical Signaling MBioS 514˚ 3 General Biochemistry MBioS 567 3 Proteins and Enzymes MBioS 576/577 1 Molecular Biology Techniques (special labs) MBioS 575 3 Protein Trafficking in Eucaryotic Cells MBioS 571 2 Adv. Topics in Plant Biochemistry MBioS 522 2-3 Genet/molecular Aspects of Plant Reproduction Zool 516 2 Fish Genetics MBioS 534 4 Fungal Genetics MBioS 535 2 Molecular Genetics of Plant/Pathogen Interactions MBioS 521 1-3 Cell Biotechnology MBioS 528 3 Molecular and Cellular Reproduction MBioS 530 3 Plant Molecular Genetics MBioS 523 3 Fundamentals of Oncology MBioS 524 3 Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Development MBioS 526 1-3 Advanced Topics in Cell Biology MBioS 540/441˚ 3/2 Immunology/Immunology Lab MBioS 542/443˚ 3/2 Virology/General Virology Lab MBioS 550 3 Basic and Applied Microbial Physiology MBioS 552 3 Environmental Microbiology MBioS 543 3 Advanced Pathogenic Mechanisms MBioS 544 3 Microbial Transformation MBioS 545 3 Advanced Immunology MBioS 547 1-3 Advanced Topics in Microbiology, Medical Virology ˚These courses can be taken as either 400- or 500-level, and can be managed by the student and advisor to minimize the time needed for the MS degree. Completion of the above courses will satisfy all Graduate School requirements. For the non-thesis MS, these are 26 graded credits and a total of 30 credits. The latter 4 credits are met with MBioS 702. Summary of Course of Study for MS Degree The plan listed below reflects a typical year toward the MS. We would expect this to be routinely modified by a variety of mechanisms. These might include: summer school, use of conjoint course listings, application of 300- and 400-level credits toward the MS, etc. 1st Semester MBioS 513 3 MBioS 506 3 MBioS 503 3 MBioS 578 3 MBioS 702 2 Total hours 14 2nd Semester MBioS 501 3 MBioS 504 3 MBioS 5XX (proteomics lab) 2 MBioS 574 3 Elective 3 MBioS 702 2 Total hours 16 II.B.5. Additional Opportunities. The intent is to make this degree as inclusive as possible, with options and concentrations taught by faculty from other colleges and branch campuses being added as the program expands. For example, WSU-Spokane is considering concentrations and certifications in Biotechnology Business Management and Clinical Cytogenics, which are outlined in Appendix III. II.C.1. Use of Technology The proposed program is distinct in that it centers student training within a laboratory environment. The core laboratories are designed to put into practice what student’s learn in the lecture courses. In addition, students will have the opportunity to do research in individual faculty laboratories. The main advantage in this degree program is an offering of lab-intensive training, past their required core laboratory courses, in addition to traditional lectures. The training will be in modern techniques, with a strong component in computer technology and bioinformatics. II.C.2.Library With the exception of a strong biotechnology index, current Pullman on-campus library print resources are adequate to support the BS/MS in Biotechnology. Both on-campus and off-campus students will need access to online indexes, abstracts and journal articles. Therefore $10,000 reallocated to the library budget would be desirable to support the purchase of subscriptions to the Biotechnology and Bioengineering Database Collection, and online versions of selected key journals. These resources will allow students to access specialty indexes, and full text materials from anywhere in the State. This is not considered mandatory, however. II.C.3. Space/Equipment Needs A central aspect of this proposal from an institutional perspective is the high cost of infrastructure and equipment necessary to pursue cutting-edge research in modern molecular biosciences and biotechnology. To be competitive, at both the research and teaching levels, it is imperative that centralized facilities be developed and maintained. It is simply too expensive to do otherwise. Currently, the School of Molecular Biosciences is well equipped for state-of-the-art teaching and research in molecular biosciences. Equipment for ultracentrifugation, recombinant DNA techniques, HPLC, protein analysis and purification, DNA sequencing and synthesizing, etc. is available. In addition, many excellent support facilities are available on campus including the Electron Microscopy Center, Bio-analytical Laboratory, Nuclear Radiation Center, NMR Center, X-ray Crystallography Laboratory. We have recently added DNA microarray facilities and are in the process of obtaining funds necessary for an 800 MHz NMR. These facilities compete well at the national level. Classroom and laboratory space are currently available. MBioS 304, Biochemistry Laboratory, has recently been expanded from 1 to 3 credit hours. Additional equipment needed for this foundational course has been budgeted by the School and the College of Science has pledged $50,000 to assist in purchasing equipment for this course. II.D. Faculty The following faculty will participate in this degree program in either teaching classes or working with students in their labs. All faculty listed are in the School of Molecular Biosciences . II.D.1. BS Degree Faculty Name Title FTE % effort to the program Ronald W. Brosemer Professor .25 Roger Calza Associate Professor .125 Anthony Garza Assistant Professor .125 Kwan Hee Kim Professor .125 Paul Lurquin Professor .25 Nancy Magnuson Professor .125 Norah McCabe Instructor .125 Philip Mixter Assistant Professor .125 Martin Pall Professor .125 Mary Sanchez-Lanier Professor .125 Luying Xun Associate Professor .25 Total FTE: 1.75 II.D.2. MS Degree Faculty. Name Title FTE % effort to the program Kevin Bertrand Associate Professor .25 Jeremy Evans Professor .25 Lisa Gloss Assistant Professor .25 Howard Grimes Professor .25 Chengtao Her Assistant Professor .25 ChulHee Kang Associate Professor .25 Kwan Hee Kim Professor .25 Nancy Magnuson Professor .25 Raymond Reeves Professor .25 Mary Sanchez-Lanier Professor .05 Michael Skinner Professor .25 Luying Xun Associate Professor .50 Ralph Yount Professor .25 Total FTE: 3.3 II.E Students II.E.1. Projected enrollments in five years. It is expected that the program will reach its goal of 45 BS and 15 MS students within five years Projected Enrollment BS Degree
Projected Enrollment MS Degree
II.E.2. Expected time for program completion. It is anticipated that a BS degree in Biotechnology would take four years to complete. If a student transfers from elsewhere, however, the time may be lengthened depending on how many of the prerequisites will have been taken. A MS degree could be obtained in one additional year following the completion of a BS degree. If a student transfers from elsewhere, however, the time may be lengthened depending on how many of the prerequisites will have been taken. WSU undergraduates expressing interest in the MS may elect to lever some undergraduate credits (above the 120 needed for the BS) towards the MS and also to take some conjoint courses at the 500-level. II.E.3. Diversity. An environment supportive of academic quality, success and increased access to higher education for a diverse student body with outcomes for recruitment, retention and degree completion rates comparable across all subgroups of the student population will be provided. The goal will be to provide access, retention and the full opportunity to succeed for all students, regardless of disability status, age, gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religious background, or geographic location. II.F.1.Administration The degree program will be administered through the School of Molecular Biosciences which is in the College of Sciences. II.F.2. Administrative/Support Staff BS Administrative/Support Staff
MS Administrative/Support Staff
All salaries for administrative/support will be with internal reallocation III. Program Assessment III.A. Accreditation The programs being presented here are not being proposed for accreditation. III.B. Assessment Plan The assessment plan for the BS will involve several aspects.
The assessment plan for the MS will also involve several aspects.
III.C. Student Learning Outcomes Assessment Plan The students are expected to be able to integrate information in classes with a research project, and to present the results in a written report. Details are found in II.B.2. A major component of our Assessment Plan is to conduct exit interviews with our students, post-graduation (after 3-6 years) interviews with our alumnae, and interviews conducted with a Board of Visitors of alumnae employers. IV. Finances For the summary of program costs for the BS degree, see Appendix I. The MS degree program costs are outlined in Appendix II. V. External Evaluation APPENDICES Appendix I. Summary of Program Costs - BS Degree Appendix II. Summary of Program Costs - MS Degree Appendix III. Future Opportunities Appendix IV: Course Descriptions Appendix V: Letters of Support APPENDIX I Program Costs - BS Degree
(a) TA's are .50 for 9 months = .37FTE. Year 1 we will internally reallocate one-half of a T.A., but by year 5 we will need approximately 2 additional TAs. (We restrict labs to 24 students per TA).
(b) Other salaries. By year 5 there will be a need for a full-time instructional lab technician to meet the growing demands on lab coursework. The School has temporarily set aside funds for a half-time person in this area. Additional funds are being requested for the other .50 FTE by year 5.
(c) Equipment. It is estimated that $50,000 will be needed to purchase equipment to expand the basic laboratory course, MBioS 304, to meet the needs of the program. These funds have already been allocated by the College of Science.
APPENDIX II Summary of Program Costs - MS Degree
(a)Teaching obligations for those filling the two open faculty positions will be for new courses
APPENDIX III
FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES
The following is an example of future opportunities that could be available to students from WSU-Spokane, after these programs have been approved.
After students complete all of the MS requirements, they could elect to pursue an additional 7 credit hours of coursework in a) Biotechnology Business Management Concentration, b) Clinical Cytogenetics Concentration, or c) Internship. All of these are offered at WSU-Spokane. In addition, upon completion of a concentration area, students could have the opportunity to also complete a formal Graduate Certificate at WSU Spokane in their chosen concentration area by taking an additional 8 credit hours beyond the BS/MS degree. It is important to note that the biotechnology industry is a major employer of not only scientists but also people primarily trained as business or finance managers. The inclusion of these certificates reflect this and underpin our desire to make this degree as inclusive as possible. In the future, this area might be expanded significantly to develop a singular thrust within the business aspects of this industry. The Concentrations and the corresponding Graduate Certificate requirements are outlined below. Biotechnology Concentration/ Graduate Certificate Requirements Mgt 301: Principles of Management and Organization 3 cr WSUP/T/V or EUS Mkgt 360: Marketing 3 cr WSUP/T/V or EUS MBios 5XX Selected Topics: Seminar on Biotech Bus. 1 cr WSUS 7 cr
Biotechnology Business Management Graduate Certificate Requirements (15 cr ) Mgt 590: Strategy Formulation and Organizational Design 3 cr WSUS Mgt 586: Seminar in Mgt: Management of Innovations 3 cr WSUS MBios 595 Internship Training in Biotechnology 2 cr WSUS Completion of Concentration in BS/MS in Biotechnology 7 WSUS/P/V/T/EUS 15 cr
Clinical Cytogenetics Concentration/Graduate Certificate Requirements Clinical Cytogenetics Concentration Requirements (7 hrs) GenCB 423 Human Genetics 3 cr WSUP BC/BP 5XX Cytogenetics Techniques 3 cr WSUS MBios 5XX Selected Topics: Seminar in Clinical Molecular Diagnostics 1 cr WSUS 7 cr Clinical Cytogenetics Graduate Certificate Requirements (15 cr) MBios 5XX Diagnostic Molecular Technologies 3 cr WSUS MBios 5XX Ethics and Counseling 3 cr WSUS MBios 5XX Molecular Diagnostic Applications 2 cr WSUS Completion of Concentration in BS/MS in Biotechnology 7 cr WSUS/P/V/T/EUS 15 cr
APPENDIX IV UNDERGRADUATE COURSE OFFERINGS Eng 402: Technical and Professional Writing. 3 credit hours; prerequisite: Engl 101, junior standing. Research writing: defining, proposing, reporting progress; presenting a final product; other professional writing needs. MBioS 301: General Genetics. 4 credit hours; prerequisite: Biol 104; two semesters Chemistry. Principles of modern and classical genetics. MBioS 302: General Microbiology. 4 credit hours; Prerequisite: Biol. 104; Chem 240 or c//. Structure, function, nutrition, physiology and genetics of microbes and their application to immunology, pathology, microbial diversity and environmental microbiology. MBioS 303: Introductory Biochemistry. 4 credit hours; prerequisite: Chem 106; Chem 240 or 340. Modern biochemistry for undergraduates in the biological sciences. MBioS 304: Introductory Biochemistry Laboratory. 3 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 303 or c//. Basic biochemical techniques. MBioS 360: Cell and Molecular Laboratory. 2 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 301, 303, or c//; one semester organic chemistry. Laboratory methods in cell biology, genetics and molecular biology. MBioS 378: Introduction to Molecular Biology Computer Techniques. 1 to 3 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 301, 303. Computer analysis of nucleic acid sequences and protein strength. MBioS 401: Introduction to Cell Biology. 3 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 301 or 303. Cellular structure and function; membrane biochemistry and transport; cell-cell communication; regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis; cell signaling; cancer biology. MBioS 402: General Genetics Laboratory. 3 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 301. Basic principles of modern and classical genetics utilizing several species. MBioS 427: Perspectives in Biotechnology. 3 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 301. Theory and application of biotechnology in agriculture, industry, and medicine; methodological, environmental, social, and economic concerns. MBioS 440: Immunology. 3 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 302; organic chem. Principles of basic immunology. MBioS 441: Immunology Laboratory. 2 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 440 or c//. Fundamental principles and techniques used in immunology. MBioS 442: General Virology. 3 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 301, 303; organic chemistry. The biology of bacterial, animal, and plant viruses. MBioS 443: General Virology Laboratory. 2 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 442 or c//. Laboratory techniques MBioS 450: Basic and Applied Microbial Physiology. 3 credit course; prerequisite: MBioS 302, 303. Basic microbial physiology and its relevance to the process of applied microbiology. MBioS 454: Techniques in Molecular Biology. 3 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 402, MBioS 302. Basic principles and techniques of gene manipulation. MBioS 495: Internship Training. 2-4 credit hours. Experience in work related to specific career interests. Phil 365: Biomedical Ethics. 3 credit hours. Ethical problems in medicine and biological research. Phil. 370: Environmental Ethics. 3 credit hours. The place of humans in nature and human obligations to nature, if any. Soc 331: Population, Resources, and the Future. 3 credit hours. Effects of population on resource depletion, environmental deterioration, social and economic structure; zero population growth prospects; limits to growth debate. Soc 332: Society and Environment. 3 credit hours; prerequisite: Soc 101. Society-environment relations, including environmental attitudes and behavior; the environmental movement and environmental politics and policy-making. Soc 430: Society and Technology. 3 credit hours; prerequisite: completion of one Tier I and three Tier II courses. Role of technology in social evolution; social impacts and shaping of technology.
GRADUATE COURSE OFFERINGS MBioS 501: Cell Biology. 3 credit hours; prerequisites: MBioS 301, 303. Graduate-level counterpart of MBioS 401. MBioS 503: Molecular Biology I. 3 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 301, 303. DNA replication and recombination in prokaryotes and eukaroytes; recombinant DNA methods and host/vector systems; genome analysis; transgenic organisms. MBioS 504: Molecular Biology II. 3 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 301, 303. Gene expression and regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including transcription, RNA processing, and translation; chromatin structure; DNA repair. MBioS 506. Molecular Techniques in Microbiology. 3 credit hours; prerequisites: graduate level biochemistry or molecular biology course or instructor consent. Current molecular biology techniques applied to DNA and protein isolation and characterization: southern and western blots, PCR, PAGE, computer cloning. MBioS 513: General Biochemistry. 3 credit hours. Graduate-level counterpart of MBioS 413. MBioS 514: General Biochemistry. 3 credit hours. Graduate-level counterpart of MBioS 414. MBioS 521: Cell Biotechnology. 1-3 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 303, 401. Contemporary cell biotechnology; techniques including cell culture, immunology (including preparation and use of monoclonal antibodies), nucleic acid hybridization (including in situ). MBioS 522: Genetic and Molecular Aspects of Plant Reproduction. 2-3 credit hours. Graduate-level counterpart to MBioS 422. MBioS 523: Fundamentals of Oncology (same as P/T 572). 3 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 514. Thorough overview of cancer biology encompassing basic cellular and molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis and tumor progression, treatment and prevention. MBioS 524: Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Development (Same as Zool 573). 3 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 401, MBioS 303, or Zool 320. Current biochemical and ultrastructural research in developmental biology. MBioS 526: Advanced Topics in Cell Biology. 1-3 credits. Current research in cell structure and function. MBioS 528: Molecular and Cellular Reproduction. 3 credit hours. Course reviews the state of the art concepts of the molecular, cellular, and physiological aspects of mammalian reproduction. MBioS 530: Plant Molecular Genetics. 3 credit hours. Plant molecular genetics with emphasis on systems specific to plants and plant genetic engineering. MBioS 534: Fungal Genetics (same as Pl P 534). 4 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 301. Classical and molecular approaches to genetic analyses in fungi. MBioS 535: Molecular Genetics of Plant and Pathogen Interactions (same as Pl P 535). 2 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 301, 303. Genetic and molecular biological aspects of host-pathogen interactions. MBioS 540: Immunology. 4 credit hours. The immune system at the animal, cellular, and molecular levels. MBioS 541: Seminar. 1 credit hour. Literature reviews and research reports. MBioS 542: General Virology. 3 credit hours. Graduate-level counterpart of MBioS 442. MBioS 543: Advanced Pathogenic Mechanisms. 3 credit hours; prerequisite by interview only. Detailed analysis of microbial virulence factors and host factors involved in infection and infectious disease. MBioS 544: Microbial Transformation. 3 credit hours; prerequisites: MBioS 303, MBioS 450. Use of microbes in the biodegradation of wastes and bioprocessing to produce valuable chemical stocks. MBioS 545. Advanced Immunology. 3 credit hours; prerequisites: introductory course in immunology. Cellular and molecular regulation of the immune response. MBioS 547: Advanced Topics in Microbiology MBioS 561: Biochemical Signaling in Plants, Animals and Microorganisms. 2 credit hours; prerequisites: MBioS 513. New research on intra and extra cellular biochemical signaling, including communication in plants and hormone action in animals. MBioS 567: Proteins and Enzymes. 3 credit hours; prerequisites: MBioS 513. Enzyme mechanisms; protein structure and function; protein evolution. MBioS 571: Advanced Topics in Plant Biochemistry. 2 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 514, basic botany. Biochemistry unique to plants; new research advances. MBioS 575: Protein Trafficking in Eucaryotic Cells. 3 credit hours. Same as Pl Ph 580. MBioS 576: Molecular Biology Techniques I. 1 credit hour; prerequisite MBioS 514 of c//. Modern laboratory technique in the sequencing of nucleic acids. MBioS 577: Molecular Biology Techniques II. 1 credit hour; prerequisite: MBioS 514 or c//. Modern laboratory techniques in the use of plasmids as cloning vehicles. MBioS 578: Molecular Biology Computer Techniques. 1 to 4 credit hours; prerequisite: MBioS 301, MBioS 303 or 513. Computer analysis of nucleic acid sequences and/or protein structure.
APPENDIX V Letters of support are being solicited from the following and will be forwarded to the Faculty Senate when received:
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