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Selected Bibliography on Phillis Wheatley 

Bennett, Paula. "Phillis Wheatley's Vocation and the Paradox of the 'Afric Muse'." PMLA 113.1 (1998): 64-76.

Bly, Antonio T. "Wheatley's 'to the University of Cambridge, in New-England'." Explicator 55.4 (1997): 205-08.
---. "Wheatley's 'on the Affray in King Street'." Explicator 56.4 (1998): 177-80.
---. "Wheatley's 'on the Death of a Young Lady of Five Years of Age'." Explicator 58.1 (1999): 10-13.

Burke, Helen M. "The Rhetoric and Politics of Marginality: The Subject of Phillis Wheatley." Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature 10.1 (1991): 31-45.

Burke, Helen. "Problematizing American Dissent: The Subject of Phillis Wheatley." Cohesion and Dissent in America. Ed. Carol (ed.); Alkana Colatrella, Joseph (ed. & introd.). SUNY Series in American Literature. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994. 193-209.

Carretta, Vincent. "Phillis Wheatley, the Mansfield Decision of 1772, and the Choice of Identity." Early America Re-Explored: New Readings in Colonial, Early National, and Antebellum Culture. Ed. Klaus H. --Fleischman Schmidt, Fritz. Early American Literature and Culture through the American Renaissance. New York, NY: Peter Lang, 2000. 201-23.

Choucair, Mona M. "Phillis Wheatley (1754-1784)." African American Authors, 1745-1945: A Bio-Bibliographical Critical Sourcebook. Ed. Emmanuel S. (ed. and preface) Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2000. 463-68.

Cima, Gay Gibson. "Black and Unmarked: Phillis Wheatley, Mercy Otis Warren, and the Limits of Strategic Anonymity." Theatre Journal 52.4 (2000): 465-95.

Daly, Robert. "Powers of Humility and the Presence of Readers in Anne Bradstreet and Phillis Wheatley." Studies in Puritan American Spirituality 4 (1993): 1-24.

Davis, Gwenn, and Beverly A. Joyce, eds. Poetry by Women to 1900: A Bibliography of American and British Writers. Toronto: U of Toronto P, 1991.

Derounian, Kathryn Zabell., and William H. Robinson, eds. Critical Essays on Phillis Wheatley. Boston: Hall, 1982.
ed., and Julian D. Mason, Jr.,. The Poems of Phillis Wheatley: Revised and Enlarged Edition. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 1989.

--- ed., and Marie Lazzari. Literature Criticism from 1400-1800: Critical Discussion of Fifteenth-, Sixteenth-, Seventeenth-, and Eighteenth-Century Novelists, Poets, Playwrights, Philosophers, and Other Creative Writers. Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800. Detroit, MI: Gale, 1999.

Ellison, Julie. "The Politics of Fancy in the Age of Sensibility." Re- Visioning Romanticism: British Women Writers, 1776-1837. Eds. Carol Shiner Wilson and Joel Haefner. Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania P, 1994. 228-55.

Erkkila, Betsy. "Revolutionary Women." Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature 6.2 (1987): 189-223.

Felker, Christopher D. "'The Tongues of the Learned Are Insufficient': Phillis Wheatley: Publishing Objectives, and Personal Liberty." RALS 20.2 (1994): 149-79.

Felker, Christopher. "'The Tongues of the Learned Are Insufficient': Phillis Wheatley, Publishing Objectives, and Personal Liberty." Texts and Textuality: Textual Instability, Theory, and Interpretation. Ed. Philip (ed. and introd.) Cohen. GRLH; Wellesley Studies in Critical Theory, Literary History, and Culture. Series No: 1891. New York: Garland, 1997. 81-119.

Flanzbaum, Hilene. "Unprecedented Liberties: Re-Reading Phillis Wheatley." MELUS: The Journal of the Society for the Study of the Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States 18.3 (1993): 71-81.

Gates, Henry Louis, Jr. "(Phillis Wheatley and the Nature of the Negro)." Critical Essays on Phillis Wheatley. Ed. William H. Robinson. Crit. Essays on Amer. Lit.. Boston: Hall, 1982. 215-233.

Gates, Henry Louis, Jr. "From Wheatley to Douglass: The Politics of Displacement." Frederick Douglass: New Literary and Historical Essays. Ed. Eric J. Sundquist. Cambridge Studies in American Literature and Culture (CSALC), New York, NY. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1991. 47-65.

Grimsted, David. "Anglo-American Racism and Phillis Wheatley's 'Sable Veil,' 'Length'ned Chain,' and 'Knitted Heart'." Women in the Age of the American Revolution. Ed. Ronald (ed. & pref.); Albert Hoffman, Peter J. (ed.); Kerber, Linda K. (introd.). Charlottesville: U P of Virginia, 1989. 338-444.

Harris, Sharon. "Whose Past Is It? Women Writers in Early America." Early American Literature 30.2 (1995): 175-81.


Harris, Sharon M. "Early Women's Texts." Teaching the Literatures of Early America. Ed. Carla Mulford. Options for Teaching. New York, NY: Modern Language Association of America, 1999. 48-62.

Hayden, Lucy K. "Classical Tidings from the Afric Muse: Phillis Wheatley's Use of Greek and Roman Mythology." College Language Association Journal 35.4 (1992): 432-47.

Herron, Carolivia. "Milton and Afro-American Literature." Re- Membering Milton: Essays on the Texts and Traditions. Eds. Mary Nyquist and Margaret W. Ferguson. Univ. Paperbacks. Series No: 975. New York: Methuen, 1987. 278-300.

Herron, Carolivia. "Early African American Poetry." The Columbia History of American Poetry. Eds. Jay Parini and Brett C. Millier. New York: Columbia UP, 1993. 16-32.

Holloway, Karla F. C. "The Body Politic." Subjects and Citizens: Nation, Race, and Gender from Oroonoko to Anita Hill. Eds. Michael Moon and Cathy N. Davidson. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1995. 481-95.

Isani, Mukhtar Ali. "The British Reception of Wheatley's Poems on Various Subject." Journal of Negro History 66.2 (1981): 144-149.

Isani, Mukhtar Ali. "Phillis Wheatley and the Elegiac Mode." Critical Essays on Phillis Wheatley. Ed. William H. Robinson. Crit. Essays on Amer. Lit.. Boston: Hall, 1982. 208-214.

Isani, Mukhtar Ali. "'An Elegy on Leaving . - ': A New Poem by Phillis Wheatley." American Literature 58.4 (1986): 609-613.

Isani, Mukhtar Ali. "The Methodist Connection: New Variants on Some Phillis Wheatley Poems." Early American Literature 22.1 (1987): 108-113.

Jordan, June. "The Difficult Miracle of Black Poetry in America; Or, Something Like a Sonnet for Phillis Wheatley." Massachusetts Review 27.2 (1986): 252-262.

Kendrick, Robert L. "Snatching a Laurel, Wearing a Mask: Phillis Wheatley's Literary Nationalism and the Problem of Style." Style 27.2 (1993): 222-51.

Kendrick, Robert. "Re-Membering America: Phillis Wheatley's Intertextual Epic." African American Review 30.1 (1996): 71-88.

Klinkowitz, Jerome. "Early Writers: Jupiter Hammon, Phillis Wheatley, and Benjamin Banneker." Early Writers: Jupiter Hammon, Phillis Wheatley, and Benjamin Banneker, 1978. 1-20.

Kuncio, Robert C. "Some Unpublished Poems of Phillis Wheatley." (1970): 287-97.

Lapsansky, Phil. "'Deism': An Unpublished Poem by Phillis Wheatley." (1977): 517-20.

Lee, A. Robert. "Selves Subscribed: Early Afro-America and the Signifying of Phillis Wheatley, Jupiter Hammon, Olaudah Equiano, and David Walker." Making America/Making American Literature. Eds. A. Robert Lee and W. M. Verhoeven. DQR Studies in Literature. Series No: 18. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1996. 275-95.

Levernier, James A. "Wheatley's 'On Being Brought from Africa to America'." Explicator 40.1 (1981): 25-26.

Levernier, James A. "Phyllis Wheatley and the New England Clergy." Early American Literature 26.1 (1991): 21-38.

Levernier, James A. "Style as Protest in the Poetry of Phillis Wheatley." Style 27.2 (1993): 172-93.

Levernier, James A. "Phillis Wheatley (ca. 1753-1784)." Legacy: A Journal of American Women Writers 13.1 (1996): 64-75.

Mason, Julian D., Jr. The Poems of Phillis Wheatley: Revised and Enlarged Edition. Rev. ed. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 1989.

McKay, Michele, and William J. Scheick. "The Other Song in Phillis Wheatley's 'On Imagination'." Studies in the Literary Imagination 27.1 (1994): 71-84.

Nott, Walt. "From 'Uncultivated Barbarian' to 'Poetical Genius': The Public Presence of Phillis Wheatley." MELUS 18.3 (1993): 21-32.

O'Neale, Sondra. "A Slave's Subtle War: Phyllis Wheatley's Use of Biblical Myth and Symbol." Early American Literature 21.2 (1986): 144-165. (*especially recommended)

Ogude, S. E. "Slavery and the African Imagination: A Critical Perspective." World Literature Today: A Literary Quarterly of the University of Oklahoma 55.1 (1981): 21-25.

Richards, Phillip M. "Phillis Wheatley and Literary Americanization." American Quarterly 44.2 (1992): 163-91.

Richards, Phillip M. "Phillis Wheatley, Americanization, the Sublime, and the Romance of America." Style 27.2 (1993): 194-221.

Richmond, M. A. Bid the Vassal Soar: Interpretive Essays on the Life and Poetry of Phillis Wheatley and George Moses Horton. Wash., D.C.: Howard U.P, 1974.

Robinson, William H. Phillis Wheatley in the Black American Beginnings. Detroit: Broadside, 1975.

Robinson, William H. Phillis Wheatley: A Bio-Bibliography. Boston: Hall, 1981.

Robinson, William H. Critical Essays on Phillis Wheatley. Boston: Hall, 1982.

Rogal, Samuel J. "Phillis Wheatley's Methodist Connection." Black American Literature Forum 21.1-2 (1987): 85-95.

Scheick, William J. "Phyllis Wheatley and Oliver Goldsmith: A Fugitive Satire." Early American Literature 19.1 (1984): 82-84.

Scheick, William J. "Phillis Wheatley's Appropriation of Isaiah." Early American Literature 27.2 (1992): 135-40.

Scruggs, Charles. "Phillis Wheatley and the Poetical Legacy of Eighteenth- Century Englad." Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture 10 (1981): 279-295.

Shields, David S. Civil Tongues & Polite Letters in British America. Chapel Hill, NC: U of North Carolina P for Institute of Early American History and Culture, 1997.

Shields, John C. "Phillis Wheatley's Use of Classicism." American Literature 52 (1980): 97-111.

Shields, John C. "Phillis Wheatley and the Sublime." Critical Essays on Phillis Wheatley. Ed. William H. Robinson. Crit. Essays on Amer. Lit.. Boston: Hall, 1982. 189-205.

Shields, John C. "Phillis Wheatley's Subversion of Classical Stylistics." Style 27.2 (1993): 252-70.

Silvers, Anita. "Pure Historicism and the Heritage of Hero(in)es: Who Grows in Phillis Wheatley's Garden?" Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 51.3 (1993): 475-82.

Sistrunk, Albertha. "The Influence of Alexander Pope on the Writing Style of Phillis Wheatley." Critical Essays on Phillis Wheatley. Ed. William H. Robinson. Crit. Essays on Amer. Lit.. Boston: Hall, 1982. 175-188.

Steele, Thomas J. S. J. "The Figure of Columbia: Phillis Wheatley Plus George Washington." The New England Quarterly 54.2 (1981): 264-266.

Walker, Alice. "In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens: Honoring the Creativity of the Black Woman." Jackson State Rev 6.1 (1974): 44-53.

Watson, Marsha. "A Classic Case: Phillis Wheatley and Her Poetry." Early American Literature 31.2 (1996): 103-32.

Wilcox, Kirstin. "The Body into Print: Marketing Phillis Wheatley." American Literature 71.1 (1999): 1-29.

Willard, Carla. "Wheatley's Turns of Praise: Heroic Entrapment and the Paradox of Revolution." American Literature: A Journal of Literary History, Criticism, and Bibliography 67.2 (1995): 233-56.


Comments to D. Campbell.