INTRODUCTION

I want to thank all those who helped me in this review and special thanks to WSU for granting me the time to pursue this topic. If you have any questions or have references to add to this listing, please get in touch. I can be reached at 815 E. 11th St, Palouse, WA 99161 or email chisman@wsu.edu.

See you on the trail!

GENERAL

Wilde,Clare (1996): Endurance Riding: From First Steps to 100 Miles. Kenilworth Press, Buckingham. 176 pages.
This book covers the main features of endurance riding for both the novice and accomplished rider. Chapters include selecting a horse, feet and shoeing, basic schooling, conditioning, feeding, equipment, personal preparation, crews, starting to compete, longer rides, and prevention and treatment of injury. The author has been endurance riding from the mid-1980's and edits Country and Distance Rider which is a UK magazine devoted to endurance riding.

University of Guelph. Equine Research Centre (1995): Focus on Endurance I & II. Resto Graphics, Mississauga, Ontario. 118 pages.
This book contains the proceedings of two seminars sponsored by the Equine Research Centre located at the University of Guelph and supported by the Canadian equine industry. There are two additional papers on supplementing fluid and ion losses. Many of the papers present an overview of current research along with relevant graphs and tables. Although a bit more "scientifically" oriented than the other endurance books in this section, these papers can be understood by the layman interested in the nutrition, conditioning and welfare of his or her endurance horse. Focus on Endurance I includes six papers dealing with thermoregulation and electrolyte management, nutrition, plasma electrolyte levels of the endurance horse during competition, the vet check, conditioning after a lay off and the heart rate monitor. Focus on Endurance II has four papers covering respiration and running, fluid and ion losses, and aerobic fitness. The two supplemental papers deal with electrolyte losses and replacement. Many of the papers include related reading lists. The information provided can help an endurance rider more closely monitor his or her horse's condition and provide what is needed, when it is needed both during and after the ride.

Hodgson,David R; Rose,RJ (Eds.) (1994): The Athletic Horse: Principles and Practice of Equine Sports Medicine. Saunders, Philadelphia,Pennsylvania. xii,497 pages.
This book attempts to provide "an understanding of the major body systems involved in exercise, together with interpretation of the results of various research papers" to help produce fitter athletes less vulnerable to injury. Its audience is the scientist involved in equine exercise physiology, although an interested lay person will find much of value. Chapters are organized into two sections. The first covers the physiology of the horse and the second treats practical aspects such as nutrition, performance evaluation, pathologies and conditioning for various sports. Most chapters are followed by an extensive bibliography to the scientific literature. Diagrams, figures, tables and photographs illustrate the text. The editors and 25 contributors are researchers or practicing veterinarians actively involved in research and/or some aspect of equine sports medicine.

Paulo,Karen (1994): America's Long Distance Challenge: The Complete Guide to the Sport of Endurance and Competitive Riding. Balnain Books, Nairn. 166 pages.
Originally published: Dutton, 1990

Hollander,Lewis Jr; Ingram,Patricia (1993): Endurance Riding: From Beginning to Winning. 3rd ed. Green Mansions, Inc., Redmond, OR. 231 pages.
This third edition varies only slightly from the second. There is a different introduction to part II. The section on fat supplementation has a note on a new feed available. There is a recommendation for a specific heart rate monitor in addition to the more general recommendation in the 2nd edition.

Loving,Nancy S (1993): Veterinary Manual for the Performance Horse. Equine Research Inc., Grand Prairie, Texas. 588 pages.
his is an excellent, straight-forward, understandable manual that covers all aspects of care of the performance horse. Topics covered include conformation, developing strong bones, improving muscle performance, feet, respiration, conditioning, nutrition, fitness evaluation, leg swelling, tendon injuries, high-tech therapy for injuries, managing chronic lameness, avoiding digestive disorders, internal parasite control, skin ailments, wound management, injectable medications, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, restraint, managing the confined horse, safe travel, prepurchase evaluation and breeding. There is also a 41-page glossary, a bibliography of over 250 references to the veterinary literature mainly from the 1980's to the early 1990's and an index. Black and white photographs are used to illustrate various conditions. There is also a 1995 re-publication of this book by Blackwell Scientific, but the content is the same as the Equine Research publication.

Hollander,Lewis; Ingram,Patricia (1991): Endurance Riding: From Beginning to Winning. 2nd ed. Green Mansions, Inc., Redmond, OR. 231 pages.
As far as I can tell from a close comparison of this 2nd and the 1st edition, the only difference is an updated listing of endurance ride associations and the deletion of the American Morgan Horse Association from the list of breed associations giving endurance awards.

Warren,Nina (Ed.) (1991): A.E.R.C. Endurance Riders Handbook. American Endurance Ride Conference, AERC Education Committee, Auburn, CA. 98 pages.
This is a manual by the Education Committee of the American Endurance Ride Council for beginning endurance riders and those considering entering the sport. It can also serve as a good reminder of basics for the fairly experienced rider. Topics covered the American Endurance Ride Council, attending a ride; selection, feeding, conditioning, trailering your endurance horse; equipment, camping with a horse, rider survival, pacing during the race, being a member of a crew and veterinary considerations. Several appendices provide further useful information with a checklist of supplies, AERC bylaws, a glossary and fairly extensive bibliography. The manual is also available on the internet at www.aerc.com/AERC/Handbook.

Paulo,Karen (1990): America's Long Distance Challenge: The Complete Guide to the Sport of Endurance and Competitive Riding. Trafalgar Square Publishing, North Pomfret, VT. 166 pages.
Karen Paulo is a top U.S. endurance rider and this book offers her view of this challenging sport. It covers all the basics in seven parts, each composed of several short chapters. These parts include: Starting out, care and feeding, conditioning, health, equipment, rider preparation and going on the ride. The book concludes with an eighth part - Beyond the Basic Ride which includes chapters on the winning edge, tips on riding the 100-miler, U.S. pioneer, multiday rides, ride and tie, competitive driving and special and international events. The major emphasis of the entire book is conditioning, for both horse and rider, and pacing to finish in good condition. The style presents the necessary information in an easy-to-read way while conveying the excitement and challenge of the sport.

Hollander,Lewis; Ingram,Patricia (1989): Endurance Riding from Beginning to Winning. 1st ed. Green Mansions, Redmond,OR.
This first edition of Endurance Riding: From Beginning to Winning is a combination affair. Part I consists of the entire book published in 1981 as Successful Endurance Riding by Patricia Ingram and Lewis Hollander. The only change here is the replacement of Sharon Saare's Foreword by one by Cliff Lewis. A second part of about 35 pages written by Hollander alone has been added. (See the annotation for Successful Endurance Riding for the coverage of part I.) Part II focuses on new information. It contains a chapter with a sophisticated high fat feeding regimen for the serious competitor, electrolytes reconsidered, brief paragraph on the usefulness of heart rate monitors, care and feeding of the rider, vital signs to measure during the ride, some rules for the trail and the vet check to maximize your chances of winning, plus a chapter on crewing for ride and tie competitions and a "Last Word from Lew."

Hyland,Ann (1989): Riding Long Distance. (Allen Rider Guides.) J.A. Allen, London. 104 pages.
This is a short overview of long distance riding with a British focus. It is almost an expanded outline of things to be considered for those interested in and wanting to know more about the sport. The author, Ann Hyland, became involved in long distance riding in the late 60's in the United States. She remains involved in the sport in Great Britain and offers here brief, basic information on types of long distance rides, British associations, the suitable horse, basic care and schooling, planning the season, basic work plan for conditioning, planning to complete a particular ride, riding the ride, care after the ride, assessing the young horse, budgeting, tack and ride assistance. This is a quick read for those on the go.

Parslow,Sue (1989): Going the Distance: A Manual of Long Distance Riding. David & Charles, London. 200 pages.
British journalist and long distance enthusiast, Sue Parslow, presents a book on long distance riding for the beginner. She covers the sport from the British perspective with information on the organization of the sport on a country by country basis for an international overview. Chapters on choosing the right horse, how to get started, feeding, veterinary and farriery care, tack, and traveling. A final chapter gives brief descriptions of various rides in Great Britain plus some detailed diaries by various riders on different rides. This gives a personal flavor and provides the view of the sport from a variety of perspectives. There is a very nice chapter on the right qualities for the long distance rider. This is not often covered in the other books on long distance riding. The appendix of ride results gives information on placing/speed of the horse along with its breed, height, sex and age for five major rides in Great Britain.

Hyland,Ann (1988): The Endurance Horse: A World Survey from Ancient Civilizations to Modern Competition. J.A. Allen, London. 286 pages.
This book offers a departure from the information carried in most books on endurance riding. Author, Ann Hyland - and endurance rider with more than 20 years experience, has divided her book into three parts. Part one gives a history of endurance feats by the horse from the siege of Troy to the present. The last account of this section introduces the reader to the over 21,000 km two-year journey by two French riders and their Arabian stallions from France to Saudi Arabia and back in 1982. Part two covers the basics of long distance riding that are found in most books on endurance riding: selection of the horse, conformation, schooling and conditioning, crewing a ride, care and competition tactics, feeding, equipment and veterinary considerations. There is also a chapter on the moral issue that I have not found considered in other books. A final chapter in this section celebrates the Arabian. In Part Three "the growth of many of the endurance riding societies of the world is charted: an outline is given of their activities; types of ride offered; scope of events; general rules, and so on." This part includes sections on endurance riding and prominent horses and riders in Great Britain, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Europe, France, Germany Holland, Italy, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States of America. A one and a half page bibliography for those who want to read more completes the book.

Drummond,M (1987): Long Distance Riding. Howell Book House, New York. 141 pages.
Mary Drummond, freelance journalist, long distance riding enthusiast, ride organizer and veterinary assistant has written a book covering the basics of long distance riding with a British focus. The thirteen chapters cover the qualities of an ideal endurance horse, general care, nutrition and feeding, care of the feet, health, equipment, schooling the horse, fitness for the rider, horse and rider relationship, planning competitions, completing the distance, veterinary judging. She finishes with description of the courses of some of the major British rides. There is an appendix on organizing a ride with addresses for different riding associations in the world (although it omits the principal American association the American Endurance Ride Conference.

Ingram,Patricia; Hollander,Lewis (1981): Successful Endurance Riding. Stephen Greene Press, Brattleboro, VT. 191 pages.
Long-time endurance riders Patricia Ingram and Lewis Hollander share their view of endurance riding. The book covers the topics common to most books on endurance riding: a bit of history, choosing the horse and equipment, feeding, conditioning, the ride itself and ride strategy, care after the ride. It also includes a chapter on campaigning the stallion and another on awards and achievements. There is also information on the Endurance Horse Registry of America founded in 1974. The tone of this book is dead serious - no anecdotal tales of various rides to illustrate some principle. Instead you will find sound basic information plus a sharing of formulas that the authors have found to be winners. For instance, Lew outlines his ideas on high-fat and high-protein diets as well as how to formulate them. The research behind these ideas is also discussed briefly. There is a chapter on ride and tie and a final chapter on combining endurance riding with other horse sports to keep your horse fresh and interested. This is a no-nonsense book for those who want not only to complete but to be first across the finish line. Appendices include the usual addresses of trail organizations (emphasis on the United States) and breed associations that promote endurance riding, Lew's own electrolyte mix formula, an American Endurance Ride Conference Best Condition Evaluation Scoresheet and a ride checklist.

Kydd,Rachael (1979): Long Distance Riding Explained. Arco Publishing Company, Inc., New York. 96 pages.
This 79 page book gives a good overview of many aspects of endurance riding from a brief history and discussion of endurance riding in different countries through the selection of a suitable horse, training, care, dangers and making the ride. Discussions are not in-depth but give basic information on points that can be explored further in other publications. The first chapter gives a good explanation of the different types of long distance riding.

Kydd,Rachael (1979): Long Distance Riding Explained. Ward Lock, London. 96 pages.
This is another publication of the book also published by Arco Publishing, New York.

Tellington,W; Tellington-Jones,L (1979): Endurance and Competitive Trail Riding. Doubleday, Garden City, NY. 314 pages.
This 1979 book focuses on endurance and competitive trail riding in the United States and is an expansion of a 1967 mimeographed manual prepared by the authors for experienced and novice endurance riders. Both authors were active in endurance riding at its beginnings in the United States and the book contains information based on their experiences plus techniques developed at their Pacific Coast Equestrian Research Farm. The book is divided into four parts. Part one involves the contest including sections on a definition of different types of endurance and competitive trail rides and a history of rides in the United States, plus how to manage and judge a ride. There is a chapter by Kerry Ridgway, a well-known endurance ride veterinarian, on judging the horse beyond just taking temperature, respiration and pulse. Part two deals with the horse, its selection, training and conditioning, feeding, and care of feet and shoes. The third section is for trainers, crews and riders covering physical therapy for the athletic horse with another special chapter by Kerry Ridgway on back problems of distance horses. This section also discusses equipment and traveling with horses. The fourth section treats the ride itself including descriptions of some American rides. An appendix lists some magazines of interest, American organizations, and some sample ride schedules for different parts of the country.

Hyland,Ann (1976): Endurance Riding. Wilshire Book Co., Los Angeles, CA. 159 pages.
This is another printing by the Wilshire Book Company of the J.P. Lippincott publication. It is on smaller, newsprint type paper. Published in London in 1974 under title: Beginner's guide to endurance riding.

Johnson,VW; Johnson,T (1976): Distance Riding: From Start to Finish. Houghton Mifflin, Boston. 187 pages.
The Johnsons, mother and daughter, are experienced horsewomen and active members of the Rocky Mountain Conference. They detail the elements of the sport of endurance and competitive trail riding from horse selection, care and conditioning through equipment options and the ride itself - riding, managing and judging. Much of the information is presented in a story format drawing on actual experiences. This conveys not only the facts, but a feel for the sport and its participants. There are also two chapters which give in-depth information about two long-established American rides. The first is the gentile Virginia Ride and the second the rugged Tevis. In the chapter on the Tevis you will join Tex Johnson as she and her companions make their try at winning a buckle.

Hyland,Ann (1975): Endurance Riding. Lippincott, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 159 pages.
This is one of the earlier books on endurance riding written by Ann Hyland, an active participant in the sport. It includes information on the development of the sport, choosing the endurance horse, hooves and shoeing, conditioning, training for competitive trail rides, training for endurance rides, horse care and ride tactics, feeding, tack running a ride, rides available and a miscellany of winners. These last two chapters are of particular interest. The rides available give a snapshot of endurance riding in 1974 for an historical perspective. The miscellany of winners provides word portraits of four horses and three riders and gives an idea of the variety of personalities involved in the sport.

Hyland,A (1974): Beginner's Guide to Endurance Riding. Pelham, London. 128 pages.
Published in the US by J.P. Lippincott (1975)

Saare,Sharon (1972): Endurance Riding and Management. Appaloosa Horse Club, Moscow, Idaho. 54 pages.
Sharon Saare, whose endurance riding career began in 1965, presents a short overview of the sport.. The first half briefly covers the selection of the endurance horse, equipment and training. Information is based on first-hand experience of the author. The last half of the book covers ride management and procedures. Since Ms. Saare is an Appaloosa enthusiast, many of the photographs are of Appaloosas in competition.

Pacific Coast Equestrian Research Farm (1967): Endurance and Competetive [Sic] Trail Riding Manual. Pacific Coast Equestrian Research Farm, Badger, CA.
I was unable to obtain a copy of this manual which is a prelude to the Tellington's book "Endurance and Competitive Trail Riding."

CONDITIONING

Clayton,Hilary M (1991): Conditioning Sport Horses. Sport Horse Publications, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. 271 pages.
This book contains sections on exercise physiology, practical aspects of conditioning, and conditioning for specific sports which includes a 16 page chapter on endurance riding. This chapter covers cardiovascular conditioning, strength training, suppling exercises, peaking and tapering, diet considerations, thermoregulation, ride strategy, veterinary checks, clinical problems and other considerations.

Snow,DH; Vogel,CJ (1987): Equine Fitness: The Care and Training of the Athletic Horse. David & Charles Inc., North Pomfret, VT. 271 pages.
This book attempts to present basic information and recent scientific research on the care and training of the athletic horse in an understandable in a style that can be understood by the horse owner. It is written by two well-qualified British scientists. David Snow is an active researcher with many published research articles on the demands of exercise and the causes of fatigue in the athletic horse. Colin Vogel is a practicing veterinarian and has published both popular and scientific articles on equine matters. References to endurance competition are made throughout the work. Information on anatomy and locomotion, energy needs, muscles, blood, respiration, thermoregulation are followed by information on training, nutrition and drugs. The text is supplemented by 42 line drawings and 25 black and white plates.

Pilliner,Sarah (1986): Getting Horses Fit. Collins, London. 226 pages.
The first 70% of this book on conditioning presents basic information on the physiology and problems and care of the performance horse. The last part focuses on different training techniques: interval training, speedtest and fartleck system, monitoring and methods. There are six pages on the training of the long-distance horse including a training program, pulse and respiration rate, pleasure rides, competitive trail rides, endurance rides and interval training for endurance rides. There is also a glossary with brief definitions of the more technical terms used in the text.

LONG DISTANCE RIDES

MULES

NUTRITION

Jones,William E (Ed.) (1989): Nutrition for the Equine Athlete. Equine Sportsmedicine News, Wildomar, CA. 97 pages.
This small book is a series of short articles which explore the development of specialized nutrition for the equine athlete "reporting fact, anecdote, and hearsay." (Preface) The 47 reports on various nutritional supplements and feeding practices are short and refer to research when it is available. This is an interesting book that presents good information on many aspects of equine nutrition as of 1989. Although there are no articles specifically on endurance horses, much of the information presented is applicable to horses undergoing this type of athletic performance. Dr. Jones, the editor, emphasizes the need for much more research and warns the reader to "Take what you read here with a grain of salt, and use it as if you were experimenting." (Preface)

PATHOLOGY

SPECIFIC RIDES

Savitt,Sam (1981): One Horse, One Hundred Miles, One Day. Dodd, Mead & Company, New York. 90 pages.
Horseman and artist, Sam Savitt, presents a very readable narrative about the Tevis Ride. He intertwines stories of the Pony Express rides that inspired the first Tevis with an account of her first Tevis by Karen Tellington and Dr. Richard Barseleau's conditioning of a Thoroughbred for the ride. Much of the book is devoted to Savitt's black and white illustrations. There is a very nice map of the trail giving elevations.

Anon. (1961): Jim Shoulders 100-Miles-One Day Endurance Ride. Moore, Oklahoma Sept. 9, 1961. Moore Trailriders, Inc., Lexington, OK. 18 pages.
This is a program for the 1961 Jim Shoulders 100 miles-One Day Endurance Ride. It contains advertisements, descriptions of the various breeds represented and a bit about Jim Shoulders and the Moore Trailriders, Inc.

VETERINARIAN

Anon. (1991): Guide for Veterinary Service and Judging of Equestrian Events. American Association of Equine Practitioners, Lexington,KY.
This is the latest edition of the Guide published by the American Association of Equine Practitioners. The Guide has grown from a17 page manual in 1917 to this 149 page book which covers all phases of the veterinarian's responsibilities in judging the events covered. Chapters one presents guidelines for endurance and competitive trail rides. This covers all aspects of veterinary responsibilities. Chapter nine deals with veterinary service including qualifications, equipment, duties, preparation, pre-ride veterinary examination, rider briefing, records, control and signs of fatigue. This Guide is mandatory reading for any veterinarian involved in judging endurance rides and is an interesting read for the competitor. Its publication is an invaluable service of the Trail and Events Committee of the American Association of Equine Practitioners.

Ellis,Patricia M (Ed.) (1991): Guidelines for Veterinary Supervision of Endurance Rides. Australian Equine Veterinary Association, Artarmon,NSW. 34 pages.
This is the Australian Equine Veterinary Association booklet providing basic professional and practical guidelines for veterinarians with clinical experience to officiate competently at endurance rides.

Anon. (1984): Guide for Veterinary Service and Judging of Equestrian Events. American Association of Equine Practitioners. Golden, Colorado. 140 pages.
This is the third edition of this publication for veterinarians.

Anon. (1982): AERC Veterinarian's Handbook. American Endurance Ride Conference, Auburn,CA.
Not seen

British Equine Veterinary Association. Working Party on Equine Endurance Events. (1979): Veterinary Guidelines on Equine Endurance Competitions: British Equine Veterinary Association Working Party Report. British Equine Veterinary Assn., [s.l.]. 24 pages.
These are the 1979 guidelines for the examination of horses, diagnosis and treatment of problems encountered in endurance rides in Great Britain.

Barsaleau,Richard B (Ed.) (1974): Guide for Veterinary Service and Judging of Equestrian Events. American Association of Equine Practitioners, Golden, Colorado. 72 pages.
This is the first edition of the guide which is currently (1997) in its fourth edition.

Barsaleau,Richard B (Ed.) (1971): A Guide for Veterinary Judges of Competitive Trail and Endurance Rides recommended by the American Association of Equine Practitioners. 1st ed. American Association of Equine Practitioners, Golden, CO. 17 pages.
This is the first edition of an official guide to assist veterinarians in vetting rides.

VIDEOS

Winter, Dylan (1996): The Travelling Horse. Farmington Press Videos Distributed in North America by Diamond Farm Enterprises, New York, NY.
This video presents some basics of traveling long distance on a horse, not on an endurance ride but just a long ride over a period of time. Four horseman talk about their preferences in horses, etc. and about their rides in various European countries.

Jacobs,Robert (Ed.) (1989): 1989 Race of Champions. Horseman Video, Spring,TX.

Anon. (1985): Appaloosas in endurance video. Appaloosa News 42(11, November), 209.
Announcement about a video "Mile After Mile" featuring Appaloosas on endurance rides.

Butler,Darolyn; French,Pat (Eds.) (1984): Long Distance Riding: Training Guide for Competitive and Endurance Trail Riding. Farnam Companies, Inc, Omaha,Nebraska.

Mackay-Smith,M; Frazier,D; Butler,D; French,P (1984): Long Distance Riding: A Training Guide for Competitive Riding and Endurance Trail Riding. (1 videocassett: sd., col.;60 min) Horseman Video Showcase, Humble, Texas.

ENDURANCE RIDING PERIODICALS

There are several magazines that are devoted to endurance riding. I did not index the articles in these. Every issue will contain articles of interest to the endurance rider.

AERC Endurance News	70 High Street Suite 203	Auburn, CA 95603
Distance Rider	Running Bear Farm	Kitts Hill OH
Distance Rider	17 Fulford Rd	Caterham-on-th-Hill, Surrey CR3 5SQ
Trail Blazer	Post Office Box 939	Pine Lake, GA 30072
Yearbook of Endurance Riding	70 High Street Suite 203	Auburn, CA 95603

AMERICAN ENDURANCE RIDE CONFERENCE

Shuler,Lucille (1986): Trail smart: A review of the 1986 AERC convention. Arabian Horse World 26(11, August), 358, 376-380.
This review of the 1986 convention focuses on the presentations given, especially those by Dr. Ridgway on nutrition, Courtney Hart on selection of the endurance horse and a veterinarian panel on equine sports medicine. National standings are also given.

Shuler,Lucille (1982): AERC's tenth anniversary. Arabian Horse World 22(11, August), 151-153.
Photographs of 1981 AERC winners are accompanied with brief descriptions and quotes. The occasion is the tenth anniversary of AERC.

Shuler,Lucille (1982): AERC's tenth anniversary. Arabian Horse World 22(10, July), 106, 424.
This is more of a preview of coming events (articles) to be presented in Arabian Horse World including a list of interviewees for future articles.

Barieau,Charles (1979): AERC: a photo story of the Seventh Annual Awards presentation January 26-28, 1979 Sparks, Nevada. Arabian Horse World 19(7, April), 179-182, 187-189.
Lots of photographs make up this article on the 1979 AERC convention. Photos are by Charles Barrieau who has taken many a picture of endurance riding people, horses and activities.

Clagett,Dave (1979): AERC Convention 1979. Arabian Horse World 19(7, April), 164-166, 171-174.
An account of the seventh AERC Conference with complete listings of new 2000 and 1000 mile horses, 1978 top twenty-five juniors and seniors, families with more than 2500 miles and 1978 regional award winners.

Suhr,Julie (1979): American Endurance Ride Conference. Arabian Horse World 19(4, January), 754, 759.
An "announcement" of the events to take place at the 1979 AERC conference. Includes the nine requirements to be a sanctioned ride, a bit about AERC and some horses now in the Endurance Hall of Fame.

Arnold,Marion Robie (1977): American Endurance Ride Conference presents national awards. Arabian Horse World 17(10, July), 100-102, 108-110, 116-118, 124, 126.
A detailed report on the AERC 1977 conference and the 1976 national awards.

Arnold,Marion (1977): National Convention American Endurance Ride Conference. Western Horseman 42(4, April), 184.
Report on the fifth annual AERC convention with a listing of the national top ten and the national top ten junior.

Anon. (1976): American Endurance Ride Conference standings as of July 1, 1976. Arabian Horse World 16(12, September), 174-175.
A listing of the AERC standings in July, 1976. Categories include: national top ten for seniors and juniors and regional results.

Anon. (1976): American Endurance Ride Conference. Arabian Horse World 16(8, May), 344, 348.
A report of the 1976 AERC conference with notes on rule changes, top ten seniors and juniors and 1000 mile horses.

Suhr,Julie (1976): American Endurance Ride Conference. Western Horseman 41(5, May), 46, 172-173.
Description of the accomplishments of the winner of the AERC national championship and establishment of the AERC Hall of Fame with a list of the top 5 seniors and juniors.

Anon. (1975): A.E.R.C. national top 25. Arabian Horse World 15(9, June), 236.
A listing of the AERC top 25 for 1974 with horse, rider, points and mileages.

Suhr,Julie (1975): 1974 American Endurance Ride Conference summary. Western Horseman 40(4, April), 101, 144, 146.
Report on the 1974 American Endurance Ride Conference and the events of the year.

Shuler,L (1974): American Endurance Ride Conference - An idea whose time had come. Arabian Horse World 14(9, June), 66-68, 70, 74.
An account of the 1974 AERC conference with details of award winners.

Anon. (1973): Fantastic: Year-end record for Arabian geldings - American Endurance Ride Conference, Inc. Arabian Horse World 13(7, April), 200-202.
The top ten high point awards for the 1972 AERC endurance season are given with the achievements of each horse listed.

Warren,Jeanette (1972): American Endurance Ride Conference. Western Horseman 37(4, April), 44, 124-126.
An article discussing the newly formed American Endurance Ride Conference and the role it will take.

COMPARISON OF COMPETITIVE TRAIL AND ENDURANCE RIDING

Galbreath,Jim (1975): Competitive and endurance trail riding: two separate, but equally popular, sports. Arabian Horse World 15(9, June), 140, 142.
A 14-point comparison of the differences and similarities between endurance and competitive trail riding.

Barsaleau,Richard B (1973): A comparison between endurance riding and competitive trail riding. Western Horseman 38(7, July), 64-67.
Compares endurance and competitive trail riding on 25 points.

Warren,Jeanette (1971): Endurance riding versus competitive trail riding. Western Horseman 36(7, July), 44, 149.
Covers a variety of differences between competitive trail riding and endurance riding - time limits, judging, awards, horsemanship and physical demands.

CONDITIONING

Ridgway,KJ (1994): Training endurance horses. In: The Athletic Horse. (Eds: Hodgson,David R; Rose,Reuben J) W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 409-417.
This chapter covers all aspects of conditioning an endurance horse: selection, conditioning period, records, nutrition, conditioning, fitness measures, different types of training, gait and maintaining performance level.

Essen-Gustavsson,Birgitta (1990): Training effects on skeletal muscle. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Equine Sports Medicine. (Ed: Kallings,Peter) Almqvist & Wiksell Tryckeri, Uppsala, 18-23.
Discusses the effects of training on skeletal muscle in horses. The most common effect of training is an increase in oxidative enzymes and blood flow. Intensity and duration of training are important in influencing the adaptive response in the muscle.

Ridgway,Kerry J (1990): Principles and concepts of conditioning the endurance horse. In. Proceedings of the International Conference on Equine Sports Medicine (Ed: Kallings,Peter) Almqvist & Wiksell Tryckeri, Uppsala, 40-42.
This brief paper introduces the goal of a conditioning program and discusses tissue adaptation, selection of the horse, discipline and control and the principles of conditioning.

Ridgway,KJ (1989): Conditioning the endurance horse. In: Equine Sports Medicine. (Ed: Jones,WE) Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 310-312.
A brief chapter outlining a conditioning program with emphasis on 4 and 5-year-old horses. While more general than some articles, if the general principles are followed the horse will be conditioned safely and be ready for a long career in endurance riding.

Thomas,Heather Smith (1989): Conditioning for endurance. Horse & Horseman 17(4, June), 60-62,64-65.
Gives a general overview of how to condition for strenuous exercise without outlining a specific weekly program. Discusses the effects of conditioning on heart, lungs, muscles and the bones and ligaments.

Ridgeway,K (1988): Conditioning your horse. Part IV. Preparing endurance horses. Practical Horseman 16(6, June), 54B-54H;57-60;63-66.
An excellent article by an experienced endurance rider and veterinarian for conditioning a horse for 100-mile rides. It takes the horse from the pasture through a detailed three year program to condition heart and muscles, tendons and ligaments and bone. It also gives one a good idea of the dedication needed to be a serious endurance rider with a well-conditioned horse.

Ridgway,KJ (1988): Step by step conditioning your horse. Practical Horseman 16(6) .
Not seen

Mackay-Smith,Matthew (1986): Training for a long-distance challenge. Equus 102, 94-95.
Dr. Mackay-Smith answers a question about conditioning horses for a 40-50 mile trail ride.

Ridgway,K (1986): Conditioning of the endurance horse. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Equine Sports Medicine. (Ed: Anon.) American Association of Equine Practitioners?; Association for Equine Sports Medicine, San Diego, CA?, 72-74. (Proceedings of the International Conference on Equine Sports Medicine; 2)
A brief paper on conditioning a horse for endurance riding.

Hyland,A (1985): Hundred miling. Part 2. Equi 25(December/January), 22-24.
Describes the first three months of a six-month conditioning program for preparing a horse and rider for a 100 mile ride in 24 hours.

Young,John Richard (1985): No secret: interval training works. One horseman that specializes in versatility, explains why. Horseman 29(11, June), 52-54;56;58.
Arabian horse racing and endurance horse trainer explains her program for conditioning horses. It involves variety in both distance and gaits.

Greasley,C (1984): Distance riding: Part three. Horse and Rider 38(382, February), 21-22.
This article gives some general tips on bringing a horse to the level of competition for enjoyment and briefly discusses the European organizations involved in the sport.

Lieberman,Bobbie (1984): A month in the life/...Three horses, three sports, three programs. Equus 79(May), 28-29;33.
Gives some general pointers on setting goals, keeping detailed records and increasing the work load. Compares specific programs for an endurance, event and harness horses.

Hyland,A (1983): Endurance riding: Part two. General conditioning of the long distance horse. Equi 18(September/October), 12-13;15.
Not seen

Hyland,A (1983): Endurance riding: Part three. Specific conditioning of the long distance horse. Equi 20(January/February), 14-16.
Not seen

Paulo,Karen Rodin (1983): Conditioning for endurance. Western Horseman 48(8, August), 26-28;32.
An experienced endurance competitor presents a very basic, general program for conditioning an endurance horse. Emphasis is on the variability among horses and the need for a program designed to a specific horse's needs and capabilities.

Rodin,Karen (1981): Building the endurance athlete. Appaloosa News 38(9, September), 28-30.
An experienced endurance rider presents a very general conditioning program for the horse.

Ingram,Patricia (1980): Conditioning for the long run. Chronicle of the Horse 43(30, 25 July), 4-5;48.
This article originally appeared in the March, 1980 issue of Western Horseman. It outlines the program used by successful endurance competitors Lew and Hanne Hollander.

Ingram,Patricia (1980): Conditioning for the long run. Western Horseman 45(3, March), 40-42;44-46.
Outlines well-known endurance riders Lew and Hanne Hollander's program for producing top endurance horses.

Thomas,Heather Smith (1980): Conditioning for endurance. Chronicle of the Horse 43(41, 10 October), 51-53.
General tips on conditioning cover the unfit horse, feed, stress, hills, rider and equipment.

Thorson,Juli Smith (1979): Preparing for distance riding (Conclusion). Horse & Horseman 6(11, January), 41-43.
Describes a three-month conditioning program to bring a horse into the right condition for its first endurance ride.

Lewis,Cliff; Trent,Loy Ann (1970): Training the endurance horse - to win! Horseman 14(9, April), 48-50,52-54.
Endurance rider, Cliff Lewis, discusses his training methods for producing a top endurance horse that moves at a good steady trot.

Gray,Bob (1968): Condition YOURSELF for the tough endurance rides! Horseman 12(7, February), 65-69.
Two-time Tevis winner Ed Johnson emphasizes the importance of rider fitness and pacing to winning the long races.

Tellington,Linda; Tellington,Wentworth (1965): Conditioning the endurance horse. Part III (continued). Arabian Horse World 5(7, April), 22-23,26-27,61-62,66-67.
This article discusses care of the horse at rest stops, offers a 12-month training schedule and discusses ride strategy.

Tellington,Linda; Tellington,Wentworth (1964): Conditioning the endurance horse: Part III Training. Arabian Horse World 4(9, June), 52.
A short article on what endurance riding requires in the way of the horse's condition.

ENDURANCE RIDING

Anon. (1994): Welcome to endurance riding. Horse & Horseman 22(5, July), 18.
Brief description of the sport of endurance riding.

Smith,Deborah (1994): Distance rider procedures. Appaloosa Journal 49(6, June), 38-39.
This article discusses how riders can use time during holds to improve the welfare of their horses.

Smith,Deborah (1994): Vet check procedures. Appaloosa Journal 49(5, May), 19, 74.
A brief account of the purpose of vet checks and what happens at them.

Hecht,Cheryl (1993): Endurance riding. Equus 187(May), 71-76.
Gives an overview of the sport covering such topics as how the sport evolved, what you'll see, riding tactics and strategies, how to get involved, what you'll need and a list of associations to contact for more information.

Russell (1993): Happy trails insurance. Horse & Horseman 21(10, December), 18-21,65.
Emphasizes the importance of a sound training program to ensure a reliable and safe horse on the trail.

Stewart-Spears,Genie (1993): A victory gone sour. Western Horseman 58(5, May), 110-112,114.
Describes how the U.S. endurance team dealt with the quarantine of three of their six horses after competing in and winning the 1992 World Championship Endurance Race in Spain.

Wheatley,J (1993): Blazing saddles - endurance riding in Australia. Australian Magazine (16-17 January), 28-32.
Not seen

Kadash,Kathy (1992): Riding balanced. Western Horseman 57(4, April), 26-29.
This is a great article with good descriptions and illustrations on riding balanced for your own benefit and that of your horse.

Russell,Sally (1992): Finishing is winning. Horse & Horseman 20(7, September), 18-21,64.
Describes the fun of a 50-mile ride while focusing on a sound conditioning program.

Cochran,Terri; Hays,Sophia F Cadwalader (1991): On the long lonely trail. How to be your own best company. Practical Horseman 19(5, May), 38-40;67-68;70.
Terri Cochran describes what is needed and the special joys of riding 100 mile endurance rides without a crew - cavalry style or solo. She includes the equipment and supplies she carries.

Meller,Fiona (1991-1992): Endurance is for everyone. Australian Horse and Rider 2(6, December 1991/January 1992), 38-40.
This article answers some basic questions and addresses some concerns about endurance riding for those who know little about the sport: My horse couldn't cope, I couldn't cope, I'll need special equipment, what do I wear, can I afford it, how do I get involved.

Anon. (1989): 1988 year-end trail and distance awards. Appaloosa Journal 44(6, June), 117-120.
Eight bronze medallions are awarded to endurance riders who completed over 350 miles in 1988.

Jacobs,Don (1988): Little...can go a long way. Horseman 34(1, August), 76-77.
Some pointers on starting a child on endurance riding.

Anon. (1987): Appaloosas going the distance. Appaloosa Journal 42(12, December), 120-125.
One thousand mile awards are presented. A photograph of each winner is shown along with a few paragraphs describing their horse and achievement.

Anon. (1986): Appaloosa group initiates first Distance Futurity Program. Appaloosa News 41(43)(7, August), 66.
The Distance Appaloosa Breeder's Futurity is formed in May 1986 to promote the use of registered Appaloosas in endurance and competitive trail riding.

Jacobs,Don (1986): Powers of endurance. Horseman 31(1, August), 40-43,47.
Dr. Sherode Powers, top endurance competitor, shares his views on what makes a winner - training, pacing and the right horse.

Maggitti,P (1986): Hot sports! Equus 107(September), 46-50;52;54;86-87.
Endurance riding gets brief mention in this 1986 article on five hot equine sports - polo, jumping, driving, steeplechase racing are also included and get more space.

Anon. (1985): 1984 Bronze Medallion winners: Endurance winners. Appaloosa News 42(8, August), 80-81.
Brief accounts with photographs of the endurance winners of the Appaloosa Horse Club's 6 Bronze Medallion for 1984.

Hyland,A (1985): Hundred miling. Part 3. Equi 26(February/March), 9-11.
With initial conditioning completed, it is time to test endurance by consistently competing in formal rides.

Hyland,A (1985): Tackling the terrain. Horse and Rider 35(5, September), 42-43.
Focus is on preparing for different types of terrain encountered on endurance rides - roads, heavy going, hills, slippery footing and stony trails.

Jacobs,DT (1985): Ten pacing tactics for endurance riding: the horse that wins the race has the rider who knows the pace. Horseman 30(4, November), 40-42;45.
The pacing tactics presented here will help the horse and rider go the distance as efficiently and enjoyable as possible.

Jacobs,DT (1985): The heart & soul...of endurance riding. Horseman 29(10), 36-37,39-41.
Offers a general description of the sport and a typical ride with some tips on ride strategy, horse care, average times, traveling different types of terrain and the satisfaction of a race well-ridden.

Anon. (1984): The distance trail riding program. Appaloosa News 41(8, August), 20-21.
Outlines the rules of the distance trail riding program and gives figures on the number of participants since its inception in 1973.

Anon. (1984): 1983 Bronze Medallion winners: Endurance winners. Appaloosa News 41(8, August), 27-31.
Descriptive paragraphs and pictures of the 18 endurance winners of the Appaloosa Horse Club's 1983 Bronze Medallion.

Anon. (1984): 1983 Silver Medallion winners. Appaloosa News 41(8, August), 25.
Brief information and photographs of three winners of the Appaloosa Horse Club's 1983 Silver Medallion.

Greasley,Celia (1984): Distance Riding (last in the series). Horse and Rider 34(385, May), 25.
Offers some basics on shoeing, equipment for the ride, signs of fatigue and some do's and don'ts at the ride.

Hyland,A (1984): Hundred miling. Equi 24(October/November), 6-8;10.
Gives the minimum requirements for a 100 mile ride in 24 hours as held in Great Britain. Discusses the requirements of this distance ride, type of horse and the need for a good rest before the conditioning for a 100 mile ride.

Hyland,A (1984): Endurance riding. Part 4: pre-ride vetting and first events. Equi 20(January/February), 14-16.
Gives a detailed description of pre-ride vetting on a ride in Great Britain, strategies for riding your first ride, and tips on how to get through it all efficiently with the least amount of stress.

Hyland,A (1984): Endurance riding - Part 5. After-ride care and feeding of the long-distance horse. Equi 21(April/May), 10-12.
Part 5 of this multi-part series focuses on caring for the horse after the ride and feeding.

Hyland,Ann (1984): Endurance Riding - Part 6. Equi 22(June/July), 4-6.
The last article in this series covers duties of the crew and tips on hooves and shoeing.

Paulo,Karen Rodin (1984): What to do after the ride. Appaloosa News 41(8, August), 72-73.
A top endurance rider gives advice on taking care of the horse after the ride.

Stimson,Darleen (1984): Getting started in endurance riding. Arabian Horse World 24(10, July), 398-399.
Focuses on the fun of endurance riding, horse selection and conditioning.

Price,June (1983): Live and learn: an endurance diary. Horseman 28(4, November), 56-58.
An amusing blow-by-blow account of the author's first fifty-mile ride on a former show horse with a friend who is an experienced endurance rider.

Young,K (1983): How to get started in the exciting sport of endurance riding. Practical Horseman 11(5, May), 15-21;40-41.
A good overview of the sport covering starting out, picking a first ride, setting objectives, conditioning, the first ride, and advanced strategy.

Anon. (1982): Here are the details. Appaloosa News 39(7, July), 65.
Details of the Appaloosa Horse Club's distance program in 1982.

Anon. (1982): Yes, but can your horse do this? Appaloosa News 39(7, July), 88-89.
Some details of and people involved in the Appaloosa Horse Club's distance program.

Griffith,PB (1982): Tevis talk and training tips. Horse & Horseman 10(7, September), 42-44,60.
A seasoned endurance and competitive trail rider shares some of the knowledge he has gained after thousands of miles on the trail.

Humphreys,S (1982): Luck plays a part - but success is mostly hard work. Riding Monthly (March), 26-27.
Not seen

Rodin,Karen (1982): The first hundred miles: Pacing is the all-important key to preventing fatigue. Appaloosa News 39(12, December), 118-120,140.
Tips on pacing your horse and yourself to complete a 100-mile ride.

Thorson,Juli Smith (1982): The distance program: On the trail with the ApHC. Appaloosa News 39(7, July), 64,86-87.
A description of the ApHC distance program as it was in 1982 with comments on its positive aspects for the breed and the individual animals and riders.

Beaumont,J (1981): Long distance horse: an introduction to his selection, preparation and schooling. Equi 2(January/February), 14-15.
Not seen

Chelberg,PT (1981): Old Dominion distance riding and run seminar. Chronicle of the Horse 44(17, 24 April), 8-9;44.
Gives an overview of the topics covered in the Old Dominion Distance Riding and Run Seminar - the physiology of exercise, feed, the role of the veterinarian, winning strategy, trail care, and conditioning the horse and rider.

Ingram,P (1981): Competing in an endurance ride. Chronicle of the Horse 44(44, 30 October), 8-9;56.
Describes a typical endurance ride from first light to finish including tips on ride strategy, horse care and warning signs of fatigue.

Ingram,Patricia (1981): Endurance riding is for everyone. Appaloosa News 38(3, March), 52-54.
Some advice from a top endurance competitor on getting started in the sport - horse selection, conditioning, feeding, pulse and respiration.

Ingram,P (1981): How about endurance. Chronicle of the Horse 44(23, 5 June), 8-9.
A short article covering horse selection, benefits of the sport, conditioning the horse, and interval training.

Ingram,P (1981): Preparing for an endurance ride. Chronicle of the Horse 44(37, 11 September), 44-45.
The focus here is on preparing for an actual ride once the horse is conditioned - shoes, worming, what to do the day before and of the ride, equipment and supplies.

McGill,D (1981): Signs of stress; know them. Horseman 26(2, September), 76;78;80;82;84.
This is a good article with pictures that discusses eight signs of stress to watch for and how to do it.

Rodin,K (1981): Strategic endurance riding. Pacing your horse to conserve his energy is the key to successfully completing an endurance ride. Western Horseman 46(9, September), 14-16;18.
Discusses what to do during a ride to improve the probability of a successful completion.

Branscomb,BL (1980): Common equine endurance-related events. Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners 25, 323-327.
This paper presented to the American Association of Equine Practitioners defines the various equestrian events that have an endurance component.

Russell,V (1979): What future for long distance riding? Riding (October), 32-34.
Not seen

Thorson,Juli Smith (1978): Preparing for distance riding (Part I). Horse & Horseman 6(10, December), 28-30,32.
Gives basic information on getting started in endurance riding.

Thorson,Juli Smith (1978): The P&R's of distance riding. Appaloosa News 35(7, July), 29-31.
An informative article with good photographs illustrating how to take pulse, temperature and respiration and what you should look for in the results.

Constance,L (1977): Tips on distance riding. Riding 37(6), 21.
Not seen

Hollander,Hanne (1977): What can an Arabian do better than any other horse? Arabian Horse World 17(5, February), 184-186.
Analysis of endurance ride results in the Pacific Northwest show that Arabians hold the top 16 positions. Descriptions and wins of those Arabians are presented.

Kydd,R (1977): Endurance riding - the last hundred years. Riding 37(7, July), 37-40.
Not seen

Plankers,Patrick (1976): Jericho, an endurance horse. Western Horseman 41(7, July), 114-116.
Follow a 1200 lb. 14.2 grade gelding and his 6'3" 200 pound rider on the endurance trail. Yes, endurance is for everyone!

Anon. (1973): Upper Midwest Endurance Ride, Inc. Arabian Horse World 13(7, April), 178.
Brief report of the formation of the Upper Midwest Endurance Ride, Inc.

Fitzgerald (1973): Pointers on endurance riding. Western Horseman 38(3, March), 47-48, 157-160.
Covers the basics of preparing for an endurance ride - horse selection, conditioning, nutrition - with some quotes from top endurance riders on their preferences.

Houlton,Christine (1973): Endurance back-up teams. Western Horseman 38(1, January), 86-88, 102, 104.
Who is likely to become a member of the crew and the responsibilities they share are detailed.

Robie,Marion (1972): Endurance ride winners 1971. Arabian Horse World 12(10, July), 126, 128, 130, 132, 134.
A year end report on endurance riding in 1971 accompanied by photographs by Charles Barieau.

Warren,Jeanette (1972): Endurance rides of '72. Western Horseman 37(3, March), 60-61, 150-151.
Gives basic information on what endurance riding is and lists the rides for 1972 with descriptions of each.

Barsaleau,Richard B (1971): Short trail...any ol' horse - long trail...the Arabian horse!! Arabian Horse World 11(7, April), 66,70.
This is a nine-year analysis by breed of the starters and finishers of the Tevis (1962-1970).

Warren,Jeanette (1971): 1971 endurance season. Western Horseman 36(4, April), 28, 146, 148, 150.
A springtime description of some of the 1971 rides to whet the appetite of the dedicated and the novice.

Warren,Jeanette (1970): Endurance riding in the west. Western Horseman 35(4, April), 54-55, 144.
Gives a general overview of endurance riding and characteristics of those who participate. Includes some short descriptions of the best-known rides available in 1970.

LeGate,Al (1966): Training tips for the one hundred mile one day ride. Arabian Horse World 6(7, April), 33-37.
A brief description of the Tevis followed by what the rider needs to do to prepare a horse for the ride from worming through conditioning and equipment to use.

Anon. (1962): Endurance riding. Arabian Horse World 2(12, August), 33, 47.
A continuation of Kester's comments at the 1961 Horse Management Course focuses on some simple rules for endurance riding.

Anon. (1962): Training for the endurance ride. Arabian Horse World 2(11, July), 36.
Very abbreviated excerpts from General Wayne Kester's comments at the 1961 Horse Management Course on the importance of horsemanship, the right equipment, conformation and a brief training schedule.

EQUIPMENT

Ecker,Gayle L (1993): Using the heart rate meter. Equine Athlete 6(1, January/February), 22-23.
This article discusses reasons for using a heart monitor, getting started, use in training and getting an accurate signal.

Pollitt,C (1994): Monitoring the heart rate of endurance horses, Part 5. Equine Athlete 7(1, 1, January/February), 1,5-7.
The last in this five-part series discusses how to minimize the effects of heat and lactic acid build-up on the horse and emphasizes the value of using a heart monitor.

Pollitt,C (1993): Monitoring the heart rate of endurance horses, Part 1. Equine Athlete 6(2, March/April), 6-9.
This is the first in an excellent five part series. This part deals with the relationship between heart rate and performance and work intensity.

Pollitt,C (1993): Monitoring the heart rates of endurance horses, Part 2. Equine Athlete 6(4, July/August), 1,5-7.
Part 2 of this series uses an example of a specific endurance horse to illustrate the usefulness of continuous heart rate monitoring. The importance of interval training is also discussed.

Pollitt,Chris (1993): Monitoring the heart rates of endurance horses, Part 3. Equine Athlete 6(5, September/October), 7-9.
Part 3 considers the effects of weight and conditioning on heart rates.

Pollitt,C (1993): Monitoring the Heart Rates of Endurance Horses, Part 4. Equine Athlete 6(6, November/December), 1,6-8.
Part 4 of this five-part series deals with the effects of pain, stress and fatigue on heart rate.

Ecker,Gayle L (1991): Using the heart rate meter. Equine Veterinary Data 12(7), 134-135.
This article discusses reasons for using a heart monitor, getting started, use in training and getting an accurate signal. Reprinted from the Equine Research Centre Newsletter.

Hammett,D (1991): Why wear headgear. Horse & Horseman 19(6, August), 18-20.
Some facts and figures on head injuries to horseback riders with two stories of personal tragedy emphasizes the wisdom of wearing helmets. A list of manufacturers of Association of Standards and Testing Materials approved headgear is given.

Stewart-Spears,Genie (1991): In a heartbeat. Western Horseman 56(9, September), 38-41.
This article outlines the usefulness of the heart monitor in conditioning the endurance horse and gives descriptions of the four monitors available at the time the article was written.

Stewart-Spears,Genie (1989): Fashions and gear for endurance riding. Western Horseman 54(7, July), 14-16, 18-22.
You know the sport has "arrived" when fashion becomes a topic of an article. This article covers saddles, stirrups, bridles, breast plates, cruppers, rider's clothing, footwear, helmets, gear and horseshoes available and in use in 1989.

Dangaard,Colin (1988): Recipe for endurance. Horse & Horseman 16(1, March), 27.
Endurance rider, Kathy Ray, extols the virtues of her Australian poley endurance saddle in her Tevis Cup ride. The article gives a brief history of the development of the saddle. (The author is president of the Australian Stock Saddle Co.)

Dangaard,Colin (1987): Victorious in an Aussie stock saddle. Western Horseman 52(12, December), 112.
Endurance rider, Kathy Ray, extols the virtues of her Australian poley endurance saddle in her Tevis Cup ride. The article gives a brief history of the development of the saddle. (The author is president of the Australian Stock Saddle Co.)

Tobias,Judi (1987): Distance riding gear. Western Horseman 52(5, May), 108-111.
Discusses new tack that is being developed for endurance riding.

Butler,Mike (1974): A cross-country adventure. Western Horseman 39(6, June), 17, 182-185.
Some advice from Mike Butler on how to prepare for a 1500 mile horseback ride - horses, saddles and pads, equipment, food and water.

HISTORICAL

Stewart-Spears,Genie (1993): Romancing the past. Western Horseman 58(3, March), 48-53.
A great description of the Outlaw Trail Historical Endurance Ride. There are details of each day of the 5-day, 265 mile ride.

Byczynski,SJ (1990): Tschiffely's cross-continental solo ride. Western Horseman 55(9, September), 130-131.
This is a very brief account of A.F. Tschiffely's 25,000 horseback ride from Buenos Aires to Washington DC. The entire account was published in a 1933 book - Tschiffely's Ride and a paperback edition in 1983 - Southern Cross to Polar Star.

Coldsmith,D (1979): Greatest horse race in history. Western Horseman 44(3, March), 74;76;78.
This is an account of a 1,000 mile horse race from Chadron, Nebraska to Chicago run in 1893 to prove the stamina and endurance of the western stock horse. John Berry on Poison rode the distance in 14 days to claim the prize.

Johnson,Virginia Weisel (1979): The early days of endurance riding. Western Horseman 44(4, April), 110, 112, 114.
This is an interesting article about the disfavor of early endurance rides in the late 19th century and the rules introduced to protect the horse in the Vermont rides sponsored by the Morgan Horse Club and the cavalry rides in the early 20th century.

Anon. (1978): The 1919 United States Endurance Test. Arabian Horse World 18(7, April), 104-106, 119.
From the collection of the Arabian Horse Museum comes this tale of W.R. Brown and the Endurance Test he hoped would make Arabians the choice of the U.S. Cavalry. Details of conditioning, judging and the test itself are given.

Taylor,Eva (1976): Across the country on horseback - 1876. Western Horseman 41(7, July), 60, 76.
An account of a ride across the U.S. in 1876 with some advice for those contemplating competition in the American Bicentennial ride in 1976.

Edwards,Gladys Brown (1972): Once over lightly... Competitive trail and endurance riding in the U.S.A. Arabian Horse World 12(5, February), 148-150, 152, 154, 158, 162, 164, 166, 168.
This article begins with an account of the 1913 endurance competition between Arabians and Morgans and continues with an overview of other endurance contests through brief accounts of present day (1972) rides.

Horning,Nonie F (1968): The great horse race. Western Horseman 33(11, November), 52, 139-142.
An account of a 500-mile endurance race from Evanston, Wyoming to Denver, Colorado held in 1908.

Anon. (1962): 300 miles in five days. Arabian Horse World 3(3, November), 31,43.
Final installment on a General Kester's Endurance Riding lecture contains training and feeding schedules used by the 3rd Cavalry Team of Ft. Meyer Virginia to win the Eastern Endurance Ride of 1924, 1925 and 1926 (300 miles in five days ride).

Huidekoper,Elliott (1957): Arabian endurance feats in the Mid-Twentieth Century. Western Horseman 22(11, November), 23, 63-67.
Summarizes many of the Arabian's endurance accomplishments.

LONG DISTANCE RIDES

Kay,Gigi (1988): A ride through Mexico. Arabian Horse World 29(1, October), 238-245.
Mounted on Arabians, Gigi Kay and a friend ride six months through Mexico from Chihuahua to the tropics of the southeast.

Speir,Vicki Ives (1986): Trekking on horseback across South Australia. Horseman 31(5, December), 42-45.
A 600 mile ride across South Australia to celebrate Australia and Texas' 150th birthday.

Eckelberg,Mary Ellen (1980): My adventures with Sahnson. Horse & Horseman 7(11, January), 38-41.
Trouble on a trestle points up the importance of training and the author finds out that a thousand miles teaches many lessons.

Eckelberg,Mary Ellen (1980): My adventures with Sahnson: Day-to-day life on the road has requirements for comfort and traveling ease. Horse & Horseman 7(12, February), 66-69.
This installment gives details of equipment and supplies carried on the way to New Orleans.

Eckelberg,Mary Ellen (1980): My adventures with Sahnson: The ride concludes as the author struggles toward a winter rendezvous - and separation. Horse & Horseman 8(1, March), 34-37.
After a leisurely ride back up the Mississippi, the author outfits in winter gear for her return to St. Cloud, Minnesota and her separation from Sahnson.

Eckelberg,Mary Ellen (1979): My adventures with Sahnson: A 6400-mile ride takes tons of preparation, and you can benefit from the author's findings. Horse & Horseman 7(8, October), 18-22.
A 6400-mile ride down and then up the Mississippi River begins with choice of horse and training.

Eckelberg,Mary Ellen (1979): My Adventures with Sahnson. Horse & Horseman 7(9, November), 18-21.
Detailed discussion of saddle and other equipment.

Eckelberg,Mary Ellen (1979): My Adventures with Sahnson: Voracious mosquitoes are encountered in this third segment, and the author faces choices. Horse & Horseman 7(10, December), 46-49.
The ride begins in Winnipeg in May, 1975 in a cloud of mosquitoes. Author describes the first weeks and the advice, both good and bad, she receives along the trail.

Eckelberg,Mary Ellen (1978): The great river ride. Arabian Horse World 18(9, June), 428-430, 436, 438, 444-445.
Tells of the return up the Mississippi with a focus on Sahnson, his temperament and conformation.

Eckelberg,Mary Ellen (1976): We made it: Mary Ellen Eckelberg and Sahnson on the great river ride. Arabian Horse World 16(6, March), 68-70.
A letter describing the finish of Eckelberg's from Canada to New Orleans down the Mississippi.

Zinberg,Margo (1975): Trailblazing equestrienne embarks on bicentennial Great River Ride. Arabian Horse World 15(10, July), 207.
An introduction to Mary Ellen Eckelberg and Sahnson as they begin their ride down the Mississippi in 1975. Lists her July itinerary.

Schultz,Kyle Ann (1980): Alone on the Santa Fe Trail. Western Horseman 45(11, November), 7-9.
A two-month thousand mile ride along the old Santa Fe Trail from New Mexico to Missouri by a college student, her horse and dog.

Maybee,Cher; Maybee,Allan (1979): The Santa Fe Trail Part I. Arabian Horse World 19(5, February), 312-314, 319.
The ride of the Santa Fe Trail begins with selection of Arabian horses for mounts and a bit of history of the trail itself. This first installment sees the eight horseman begin the adventure.

Maybee,Cher; Maybee,Allan (1979): The Santa Fe Trail Part II. Arabian Horse World 19(6, March), 242-247.
The eight riders are joined by a 9th in Kansas, have some horse problems solved by a change in diet, battle insects, cross the half-way point at Dodge City and head ever westward.

Maybee,Cher; Maybee,Allan (1979): The Santa Fe Trail Part III. Arabian Horse World 19(8, May), 182-187, 191-192,194.
The last installment on the 900 mile Santa Fe Trail ride finds the riders crossing into Colorado still to face the desert and 425 more miles of trail. As they enter Santa Fe we find them planning a ride of the Mormon Trail.

Bingham,Rick (1977): The Great American Horse Race- Credit where credit is due. Arabian Horse World 17(9, June), 162-164, 166, 168-170.
Rick Bingham who took charge of the race when it seemed to be falling apart gives his view of the people who made it work.

Anon. (1976): The Great American Horse Race New York to California. Arabian Horse World 16(8, May), 317-318.
Details some of the planning for the Great American Horse Race to begin on Memorial Day, 1976.

Anon. (1976): The Oregon Trail. Arabian Horse World 16(10, July), 326-332,334-335.
This article outlines the preparation for a 2200 mile bicentennial ride from Missouri to Oregon on the Oregon trail by eight riders on Arabian horses. Brief descriptions of riders and horses are also given.

Anon. (1976): The Oregon Trail Part II. Arabian Horse World 16(11, August), 68-70, 75-78, 84.
Mixes historical facts with life on the trail as the riders gear down to a slower pace of life.

Hummel,Cher; Maybee,Allan (1976): The Oregon Trail Part III. Arabian Horse World 16(12, September), 35-37, 43-46.
Weary riders continue the journey toward its destination.

Butler,Mike (1974): The Canada-Colorado trail: Part 1. Horse & Horseman 2(5, July), 26-28, 30, 59, 64.
Part-time cowboy and student Mike Butler accepts a bet to ride 650 miles in 20 days from Canada to Deadwood, South Dakota. He wins the bet and decides to ride on to Utah after convincing his wife who is afraid of horses to accompany him.

Butler,Mike (1974): The Canada Colorado trail: Part II Wyoming's harsh environment contains both delights and dangers! Horse & Horseman 2(6, August), 24-27.
The Butlers continue their ride across Wyoming, run out of money and into the hospitality of strangers.

Butler,Mike (1974): The Canada-Colorado trail: Conclusion. Horse & Horseman 2(7), 40-43, 62.
After being inundated with rain and trapped in a flash flood, the Butlers' saga ends as suddenly as it began.

Mann,Colin (1974): Lone ride across Australia. Western Horseman 39(1, January), 42, 127-129.
A 21 year-old Australian rides across his country on a 5300 mile odyssey interrupted by temporary work when the funds run low.

MULES

Schultz,Sharon (1969): Archie our 100-mile mule. Western Horseman 34(9, September), 114-115, 175-176, 178.
Schultz tells of her experiences with her mule Archie as she prepares for and rides the 1968 Tevis - the second mule to do so.

Robie,Wendell (1963): Robie: More on the Tevis Cup 100-miler. Arabian Horse World 3(10, July), 38,40.
Robie recounts some adventures of Chongo, an endurance mule.

NUTRITION

Frape,DL (1994): Diet and exercise performance in the horse. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 53(1), 189-206.
Nutritional requirements in relation to physical activity in the horse are reviewed with some mention of endurance racing. There is one section on feeding before endurance exercise that is of interest.

Hintz,HF (1994): Nutrition and equine performance. Journal of Nutrition. 124(12s, Supplement, Dec), 2723S-2729S.
This paper gives an overview of the research on energy, protein and vitamin E nutrition of the performance horse including endurance athletes.

Snow,David H (1992): A review of nutritional aids to energy production for athletic performance. Equine Athlete 5(5, September/October), 1,6-10.
Discusses the findings published in the research literature on glycogen repletion and loading, fat and carnitine supplementation.

Lawrence,LM (1990): Nutrition and fuel utilization in the athletic horse. Veterinary Clinics of North. America Equine Practice 6(2, Aug), 393-418.
This is a detailed review article with 143 references covering all aspects of nutrition and fuel utilization in athletic horses involved in all types of competition.

Meyer,H (1986): Nutrition of the equine athlete. In: Equine Exercise Physiology 2: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Equine Exercise Physiology. (Eds: Gillespie,Jerry R; Robinson,N Edward) ICEEP Publications, Davis,California, 644-673.
This review article presents the state of knowledge of nutrition and the athletic horse in 1986. The first part of the paper discusses requirement figures for the exercising horse while the second section gives some practical recommendations about ration calculation and feeding techniques.

Mackay-Smith,Matthew (1988): Energizing the endurance horse. Equus 123, 104-105.
Advice from veterinarian and endurance rider Mackay-Smith to a letter of inquiry on feeding the endurance horse.

Drummond,M (1985): Feeding for fitness - a case study. Riding 50(7, July), 10-11.
Not seen

Ingram,P (1981): Feeding endurance horses. Chronicle of the Horse 44(33, 14 August), 53-54.
Presents one outlook on feeding endurance horses, but notes that this is still more art than science.

O'Sullivan,A (1981): Watering the endurance horse. Equi 6(September/October), 26-27.
Not seen

Hinton,M (1978): On the watering of horses: a review. Equine Veterinary Journal 10, 27-31.
This author reviews the literature of 150 years on watering horses and finds much conflicting information. He discusses water requirements, quality of the water supply, and advice on watering horses including frequency, in relation to feeding, before work, during work, and after work as well as the consequences of water deprivation. After each section the author presents his conclusions on what is the most reasonable information from that presented.

Tellington,Linda; Tellington,Wentworth (1964): Conditioning the endurance horse. Part II Feeding. Arabian Horse World 4(7, April), 57-58,68.
Presents Tellington's views on proper feeding of the endurance horse.

Tellington,Linda; Tellington,Wentworth (1964): Conditioning the endurance horse: Part II (Cont.). Arabian Horse World 4(8, May), 56-58.
A continuation of the discussion of diet with presentation of a high efficiency diet to be initiated six months before a horse competes.

PATHOLOGY

Flaminio,MJBF; Gaughan,Earl M; Gillespie,Jerry R (1996): Exercise intolerance in endurance horses. Veterinary Clinics of North America, Equine Practice 12(3, December), 565-580.
Provides an overview of the major problems encountered by endurance horses and the physiological basis for them.

Hines,Melissa Trogdon; Schott II,Harold C; Bauly,Warwick M; Leroux,Annette J (1996): Exercise and immunity: a review with emphasis on the horse. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 10(5, September-October), 280-289.
The relationship between exercise and immunity is complex. It is possible that moderate exercise strengthens the immune system, while brief high-intensity and prolonged exhaustive exercise have suppressive effects.

Lynch,Betsy (1995): Distinguishing between tying up and colic. Western Horseman 60(4, April), 108,110,113-114.
This article discusses the differences in symptoms and treatment of horses with colic and those experiencing exertional rhabdomyolysis.

Rogers,Allison (1995): The longer road to recovery. Equus 215(September), 15-16.
Measures of plasma aldosterone levels 16 hours after an endurance ride show the horse is not recovered and still requires plenty of water and salt.

Sloet van Oldruitenborg-Oosterbaan,Marianne M (1995): The treatment of the exhausted horse under field conditions, Part 1. Equine Athlete 8(3, May/June), 1,7-11.
Outlines the treatment of the exhausted horse including metabolic conditions of the endurance horse. (Also published as part of Equine Practice. 1994. 16(8):27-31)

Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan,MM (1995): The treatment of the exhausted horse under field conditions. Part 2. Equine Athlete 8(4, July-August), 10-12.
Outlines the treatment of the exhausted horse including problems encountered in the field such as equipment and medication, cannulation of a vein, and estimating requirements.(Also published as part of Equine Practice. 1994. 16(8):31-33)

Thomas,Heather Smith (1995): Signs of fatigue. Appaloosa Journal 49(8, August), 49-50.
Enumerates the symptoms that indicate a horse is beginning to be fatigued.

Feldman,J (1994): Principles of sports medicine for the endurance and eventing horse. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 14(6), 331-332.

Mills,Cynthia (1994): Overworked. Equus 196(February), 46-51.
This article shows how to tell when a horse is moving from peak condition to being overtrained.

Schott,HC; Naylor,JRJ; Hodgson,DR (1990): Aspects of heat production, dissipation and exhaustion in the exercising horse. Part 3 - Heat exhaustion. Equine Athlete 4(2, March/April), 16-19.
Reviews the clinical signs, preventive measures and management of heat exhaustion in the exercising horse.

Frazier,Dane L (1991): Synchronous diaphragmatic flutter. Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners 36, 833-834.
Discusses SDF - its causes, treatment and prevention.

Monreal,L; Lavin,S; Vinas,L (1991): Physiopathology of exercise in horses. II. Prolonged exertion on endurance rides. (Fisiopatologia del ejercicio en el caballo. II. El esfuerzo prolognado o de resistencia). Medicina Veterinaria 8(1), 7-24.
This review considers exercise physiology and the clincopathologic changes due to heat stress and thermoregulation in endurance horses. These changes produce electrolyte and acid-base disturbances that induce some clinical diseases in the horse.

Tomlinson,C Mike (1991): Exhausted horse syndrome. Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners 36, 835-837.

Schott,HC; Hodgson,DR; Naylor,JRJ; Bayly,WM (1990): Thermoregulation and heat exhaustion in the exercising horse. Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners 36, 505-513.
Explains the generation of heat in the horse during exercise, the mechanisms of heat dissipation, and heat exhaustion as a consequence of exercise hyperthermia.

Snow,David H (1990): Fatigue and exhaustion in the horse. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Equine Sports Medicine. (Ed: Kallings,Peter) Almqvist & Wiksell Tryckeri, Uppsala, 24-27.
Discusses the difference between fatigue and exhaustion and various strategies to take to avoid fatigue. The exhausted horse syndrome is briefly discussed.

Dwyer,RM (1986): The practical diagnosis and treatment of metabolic conditions in endurance horses. Equine Practice 8(8, September), 21, 24-25, 28, 31-33.
This is an overview article for the veterinarian that presents clinical signs, pathophysiology, and treatment for the four most commonly occurring conditions in endurance horses: dehydration, synchronous diaphragmatic flutter, exertional rhabdomyolysis and exhausted horse syndrome

Harris,P; Snow,DH (1986): Tying up the loose ends of equine rhabdomyolysis. Equine Veterinary Journal 18(5), 346-348.
Reviews the literature on equine rhabdomyolosis.

Dwyer,RM; Thompson,LS (1985): The practical diagnosis and treatment of metabolic conditions in endurance horses. Iowa State University Veterinarian 47(1), 15-21.
This is an overview article for the veterinarian that presents clinical signs, pathophysiology, and treatment for the four most commonly occurring conditions in endurance horses: dehydration, synchronous diaphragmatic flutter, exertional rhabdomyolysis and exhausted horse syndrome. (Also published in 1986 in Equine Practice 8(8):21-33)

Hodgson,David R (1985): Myopathies in the athletic horse. Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian 7(10), S551-S556.
This article covers the available methods for laboratory assessment of muscular diseases and discusses exertional rhabdomyolysis in detail with clinical signs, laboratory findings, pathophysiology, treatment and prophylaxis.

Smith,CA; Wagner,PC (1985): Electrolyte imbalances and metabolic disturbances in endurance horses. Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian 7(10), S575-S582, S584-S585.
This continuing education article for veterinarians reviews the current research and literature on the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of metabolic disturbances leading to a variety of pathologies in endurance horses.

Mackay-Smith,Matthew (1982): Getting rid of the thumps. Equus 55, 14.
Four suggestions on how to avoid synchronous diaphragmatic flutter.

Carlson,GP; Nelson,T; FJ-Milne (1977): Exercise-related muscle problems in endurance horses. Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners 22, 223-228.
Discusses exertional rhabdomyolysis covering pathogenesis, laboratory evaluation, presence in endurance horses, and possible metabolic causes.

Carlson,Gary P; Harrold,Doris; Ocen,Patrick O (1975): Field laboratory evaluation of the effects of heat and work stress in horses. Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners 21, 314-319.
This paper briefly discusses several procedures for use in the field to evaluate the extent of stress in horses. Conditions discussed are hydration, electrolytes, acid-base status, glucose concentration and evaluation of dark urine.

Steere,JH (1975): Emergency treatment of endurance horses. Modern Veterinary Practice 56(3), 202-204.
Presents very succinct information for veterinarians in recognizing and treating various metabolic disorders associated with horse on endurance rides.

O'Connor,JT (1971): The treatment of fatigue in trail ride horses. Proceedings of the American Association of Equine Practitioners, 39-43.
Gives an overview of the author's suggested treatments for a number of problems associated with fatigue in the trail horse: colic, laminitis, synchronous diaphragmatic flutter, heat exhaustion.

PEOPLE AND HORSES

Hart,Becky; Long,Bill; Bredahl,Charlotte; Cardwell,Suzan (1995): All-star horse care. Equus 211(May), 88,90-92,94-100.
Handlers of equine standouts offer tips and advice on caring for your high-performance horse. Becky Hart speaks for the sport of endurance riding.

Stewart-Spears,Genie (1995): Cash is as good as gold. Arabian Horse World 35(5, February), 252-259.
A tale of what makes Valerie Kanavy and Cash world endurance champions - from purchase, through conditioning and the ride itself.

Stewart-Spears,Genie (1993): Beating the odds. Western Horseman 58(3, March), 115-117.
A seasoned endurance horse develops a tumor near the kidney, is declared hopeless and returns to race again.

Stewart-Spears,Genie (1993): Gold rush in Canada: The North American Endurance Championship. Arabian Horse World 34(3, December), 260-264.
Rio wins the race at 16 years of age.

Stewart-Spears,Genie (1992): Charles Barieau chronicles Tevis history. Arabian Horse World 33(2, November), 100-101.
A tribute to 76 year old Charles Barieau who has photographed participants in the Tevis since its first running in 1955. His photographs are seen in many of the articles listed in this bibliography.

Stewart-Spears,Genie (1992): Mustangs- Horsepower for the long run. Western Horseman 57(8, August), 58-59,61-62,65.
Survival skills learned in the wild make mustangs endurance naturals. This article gives a little history and details the achievements of some mustang endurance horses.

Bailey,Patti (1990): Riding the Tevis: When the going gets tough. Arabian Horse World 30(10, July), 224-235.
Wonderful article about conditioning a U.S. and Canadian Top Ten Arabian stallion for the Tevis while maintaining his breeding and show schedule. Follow the ride itself and the subsequent shows with unclipped and ungreased face and well-trimmed feet without hoof paint or grease.

Paulo,Karen (1990): A true test. Western Horseman 55(6, June), 110-114.
Karen Paulo recounts her second riding of the Oregon-150 on Moka's Pat-a-Dott aka Speedy.

Arlen,Caroline (1989): Profile of the 1989 Tevis Cup winner. Western Horseman 54(12, December), 44,47.
On her first 100-miler, Lari Shea rides a troublesome Arabian to victory.

Hart,B (1989): It's just another ride. Equus 144(October), 36-40;98-100.
Becky Hart gives an account of her ride in the second World Championship Endurance Ride in September, 1988 in Virginia. The article begins with the preparations for shipping Rio to Virginia from California through the end of the ride.

Jacobs,Don T (1989): Olympics bound: Endurance horses go for the gold in 1992. Horseman 34(7, February), 24-26.
Assesses the chances of endurance riding becoming an Olympic event in 1992 and presents the results of the 2nd 100 mile Endurance Ride World Championships held in Front Royal, Virginia in September, 1988.

Jacobs,Don T (1989): 5005 miles in one year. Horseman 34(11, July), 30-32,34.
The regimen that allowed Les Carr and Astro to cover 5005 miles in one year is presented.

Anon. (1987): A study in endurance. Horse & Horseman 15(5, July), 45,52.
Describes the accomplishments of Karen Paulo's Appaloosa Moka's Pat - A - Dott from first rides in 1984 through 1986.

Jacobs,Don T (1987): Shoeing the endurance horse. Horseman 31(10, May), 34-36.
An interview with veterinarian Bob Lantis, a California shoer who specializes in endurance horses. He was farrier to the 1986 World Champion Endurance Horse.

Jacobs,Don T (1987): Smokey and the Bandit. Horseman 32(1, August), 46-48.
Some history on Smoky Killen and his horse Bandit who has completed 15,000 endurance miles.

Jacobs,Don T (1987): Shoeing the endurance horse. Horseman 31(10, May), 34-36.
An interview with veterinarian Bob Lantis, a California shoer who specializes in endurance horses. He was farrier to the 1986 World Champion Endurance Horse.

Anon. (1986): Trail World: Endurance champion, Becky Hart. Arabian Horse World 26(5, February), 130-131, 443.
Some of the accomplishments, feeding and conditioning techniques of Becky Hart are featured along with information on her great horse Rio.

Bulkley,Gail (1986): First ride, first win. Western Horseman 51(1, January), 24.
A short account of a 10-year-old competitor with perseverance.

Kilby,Emily (1986): Anatomy of a winner. Equus 106(August), 37-40, 42,44,47-50,52-54,56,58-59,62-64,66,69-74,76,100-104.
This is a very informative article giving a detailed analysis of what makes a top endurance horse, Dana's North Lite, a winner. Includes sections on the horse, the owner, the horse's record and the results of a series of laboratory tests run to measure various physiological characteristics of this champion horse.

Wright,Lynn (1986): Trail World - Our heroes have always been cowboys: Jefferson Spivey. Arabian Horse World 26(4, January), 784-785, 1052.
Some background on Jefferson Spivey who champions a national trail system and the Freedom Trail and has ridden the country north to south and west to east.

Shuler,Lucille (1985): An interview with Pat Fitzgerald. Arabian Horse World 24(10, July), 418-423.
Meet this very interesting AERC Hall of Fame rider who began his endurance riding career in 1958 on, what else, the Western States Ride.

Windows,Lori (1985): Land O'Lincoln distance riders. Western Horseman 50(6, June), 77-78, 80.
A portrait of a the distance riders on the Ramsey/Worthington farm in Illinois.

Stimson,Darleen; Hearst,Denise P (1984): A few of the competitors. Arabian Horse World 25(2, November), 459-463.
The focus here is background information on and quotes from participants in the 1984 Tevis.

Anon. (1983): An interview with Dave Nicholson. Arabian Horse World 23(4, January), 348-350, 479.
This is an entertaining interview with Dave Nicholson, second in the 1981 AERC Senior Division.

Paulo,Karen Rodin (1983): A monumental win. Appaloosa News 40(5, May), 80-84.
Background information and some highlights of Ser Well and Lurina Dancer's endurance careers as they become 1982 PNER champions.

Shuler,Lucille (1983): An interview with Ron and Ruth Waltenspiel. Arabian Horse World 23(11, August), 382-384.
An interview of the 1982 AERC National Champion Husband/Wife team.

Anon. (1982): An interview with Marney Nance. Arabian Horse World 22(11, August), 154, 472-474, 479.
An interesting interview of the 1981 AERC National Senior Champion with questions ranging from a description of her horse (lazy) to the effect endurance riding has had on her family.

Rodin,Karen (1982): Sunny - Endurance is his thing. Western Horseman 47(11, November), 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 130-133.
A horse used for ponying racehorses enters the endurance riding scene and makes an impression. Karen takes us along on her rides on Sunny from 1977 through 1981.

Rodin,Karen (1982): Rugged people: Sturdy horses. Appaloosa News 39(5, May), 46-47.
Some remarkable accomplishments of a junior endurance rider.

Rodin,K (1982): Winning is a family affair. This foursome, a pair of Arabs and a mother and son, took two national championships in the American Endurance Ride Conference. Western Horseman 47(6, June), 41-42;44;47-48.
This article tells of the partnership of eight-year-old Jonathan Nance and his mother, Marney, as they train and ride to win the AERC junior championship.

Arnold,Marion (1981): AERC awards 1981 convention report. Arabian Horse World 21(10, July), 127-130, 357.
Details of the 1981 AERC convention and the awards with a lengthier item on Khazen, the 1980 AERC National Champion.

DeMasters,Babala (1980): Trail - Endurance: The Hollander Family. Arabian Horse World 20(10, July), 220-221.
An account of the Hollander family, deeply immersed in endurance riding.

Koler,Rena (1980): It takes more than endurance to keep on top. Appaloosa News 37(5, May), 84-88.
Some events along the way as Karen Rodin becomes a top regional and national endurance rider.

Raihala,Nancy J (1980): What ever happened to Sahnson? Horse & Horseman 8(2, April), 26-28.
Sahnson "retires" with the Raihala family in Floodwood, Minnesota.

Beckner,Carol Ann (1979): One-eyed app goes endurance. Western Horseman 44(4, April), 84, 86.
Meet Pee Wee, a one-eyed Appaloosa, who loves endurance riding.

Arnold,Marion Robie (1979): An interview with Wendell Robie. Arabian Horse World 19(5, February), 304-306, 322, 611, 613, 615-616.
A very interesting interview of Wendell Robie, founder of the Western States Endurance Ride, by his granddaughter.

Hollander,Hanne (1978): Can 1000 mile endurance horses still win? Arabian Horse World 18(10, July), 240-242, 330.
Short descriptions of Hollander's sixteen horses who have each completed 1000 miles and are going strong. Hollander makes a strong point for breeding horses with good conformation.

Hollander,Hanne (1976): 1,000 mile endurance horses in the Northwest. Arabian Horse World 16(7, April), 322-324.
Brief accounts of the three 1000-mile horses in the Northwest.

Madsen,Cheri (1976): Miss Fit: 1975 A.E.R.C. National Champion Endurance Horse. Arabian Horse World 16(5, February), 289-290.
The many achievements of the 1975 AERC national champion endurance horse are presented.

Arnold,Marion Robie (1975): 9-year-old Jimmie Perry wins 1974 American River Ride. Arabian Horse World 15(9, June), 162-164,166,168,170.
Junior rider bests 202 starters. Details on Jimmie Perry and his horse Bandi.

Daniels,ReNae (1974): The Daniels family rides the Wyoming 50-miler. Arabian Horse World 14(8, May), 122, 124, 126.
ReNae Daniels describes her family's horses and their conditioning for the 50-miler.

Arnold,Marion Robie (1974): Eight-year-old wins endurance ride. Arabian Horse World 14(10, July), 214-216.
Junior rider wins two rides in a row.

Anon. (1972): 15-year-old first timer wins 50-mile endurance ride. Arabian Horse World 12(7, April), 192.
Three firsts mark this junior's debut.

Robie,Marion (1972): Witezarif wins Tevis Cup again. Arabian Horse World 13(1, October), 268-272, 274, 276.
Witezarif is the focus of this article after he wins the Tevis Cup for the third time in a row in 1972.

Schultz,Sharon (1970): Marion Robie... WOW. Arabian Horse World 10(9, June), 184-186.
Biography of Marion Robie, granddaughter of Wendell Robie, founder of the Western States Trail Ride.

Suhr,Juliette (1970): A first in American endurance ride history. Arabian Horse World 10(9, June), 192-193.
Witezarif wins both the race and best condition in the Nevada 100-Mile One-Day Endurance Ride. Some details on the horse's history.

Trent,Loy Ann (1970): Cliff Lewis - Endurance rider. Western Horseman 35(6, June), 106, 108, 110.
Tells how Cliff got interested in endurance riding, chose his horse and lists his accomplishments.

Robie,Wendell T (1963): Bandos Blood - 34 Successful 100-milers. Arabian Horse World 3(5, January), 63, 86.
This contains excerpts from a letter by Wendell Robie describing how he acquired Bandos and some of that stallions excellent offspring.

Tellington,Wentworth (1963): When you wish upon a star. Arabian Horse World 4(2, November), 37-39,58.
Follow along as Wentworth Tellington describes his wife Linda's summer on the endurance trail in 1963.

Tellington,Wellington (1963): When you wish upon a star (continued). Arabian Horse World 4(3, December), 54-55,70.
A continuation of the Tellington's endurance summer.

PHYSIOLOGY

Ecker,GL (1995): Fluid and ion regulation: a primer on water and ion losses during exercise. Equine Veterinary Education 7(4), 210-215.
This tutorial article for veterinarians gives a brief review of thermoregulation, fluid compartments in the resting horse, ion balance at rest, sweating, water losses and ion losses.

Harper,Frederick (1995): Electrolytes for horses. Appaloosa Journal 49(7, July), 60.
This article explains the reasons why horses may need electrolyte supplementation and the correct ratio of electrolytes that should be provided.

Rivero,Jose'-Luis L (1995): Can endurance be prognostized with muscle biopsies. In: Basis- und Praxiswissen uber Pferde. (Ed: Lindner,Arno) Druckerei Chris Wienands, Bonn, 32-36.
This paper was presented at a meeting of sports medicine professionals in 1995. It presents data from muscle biopsies of 36 endurance horses competing at the national and international level. A significant difference in muscles was identified between successfully and unsuccessfully raced endurance horses.

Ecker,Gayle L; Lindinger,Michael I (1994): Fluid and electrolytes: In short supply? Part 1. Equine Athlete 4(3, May/June), 15-17.
This article discusses the effects of endurance exercise on the horse.

Ecker,Gayle L; Lindinger,Michael I (1994): Fluid and electrolytes: In short supply? Part 2. Equine Athlete 7(4, July/August), 1,7-9.
This article presents the data collected from endurance rides in the Ontario area during 1991. It discusses effects of the ride on electrolytes and plasma proteins.

Bakke,SH; Michell,AR (1993): Endurance and performance in horses and other athletes. In: The Advancement of Veterinary Science. The Bicentenary Symposium Series. Volume 4. Veterinary Science - Growth Points and Comparative Medicine. (Ed: Michell,AR) CAB International, Wallingford, 103-113.
This is a short review which considers the horse as an athlete. It covers equine performance, muscles, oxygen delivery and energy costs.

Campanella,Ann Williams (1993): Does your horse need more electrolytes? Western Horseman 58(6, June), 88,90-92.

Schott II,Harold C; Hinchcliff,Kenneth W (1993): Fluids, electrolytes, and bicarbonate. Veterinary Clinics of North America, Equine Practice 9(3), 577-604.
This article reviews the changes in fluid and electrolytes caused by exercise and training, discusses supplemental fluid and electrolyte treatment and discusses the effects of various agents that affect fluid and electrolyte concentrations during exercise.

Carlson,Gary P (1990): Electrolytes, acid-base and water balance during exercise. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Equine Sports Medicine. (Ed: Kallings,Peter) Almqvist & Wiksell Tryckeri, Uppsala, 67-69.
This informative article briefly covers physiologic responses to exercise in the horse, factors altering performance, muscle disorders, overheating and the exhausted horse syndrome.

Schott,HC; Naylor,JRJ; Hodgson,DR (1990): Aspects of heat production, dissipation and exhaustion in the exercising horse. Part 2 - Heat dissipation. Equine Athlete 4, 7-10.
Reviews the major avenues for heat dissipation in the exercising horse: evaporation via skin and respiratory tract.

Schott,HC; Naylor,JRJ; Hodgson,DR (1990): Aspects of heat production, dissipation and exhaustion in the exercising horse. Part I - Heat production. Equine Athlete 3, 15-19.
Discusses the physiological mechanisms involved in heat production during exercise.

Adams,D (1986): The results: Aerobic advantages add up to endurance excellence. Equus 106(August), 62;64;66;69-74;76;103-104.
The results of studies on the heart, blood and muscles of Diamond, a champion endurance horse, are discussed. It appears that being equal or a little better in most areas studied and exceptional in one or two is the formula for success.

Rose,RJ; Evans,DL (1986): Cardiovascular and respiratory function in the athletic horse. In: Equine Exercise Physiology 2: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Equine Exercise Physiology. (Eds: Gillespie,Jerry R; Robinson,N Edward) ICEEP Publications, Davis,California, 1-24.
This review covers selected aspects of cardiorespiratory function in the athletic horse: distribution of blood flow, training associated bradycardia, maximal heart rate, problems in assessing respiratory function, hyperpnea, arterial hypoxemia, kinetics of gas exchange and maximal oxygen consumption.

Carlson,Gary P (1975): Effects of exercise and heat stress on endurance horses. Arabian Horse World 15(9, June), 172, 174.
Describes the results of a controlled, 25-mile ride conducted by Dr. Carlson and associates to examine the effects of heat and stress on endurance horses.

PUZZLES AND POETRY

Shuler,Jan (1979): The ABC's of endurance riding. Arabian Horse World 19(5, February), 272-274.
Charles Barieau's photographs enhance this endurance riding "poem" with a line for each letter of the alphabet from A to Z.

Boswell,Virginia (1975): Endurance ride puzzle. Western Horseman 40(7, July), 88.
A word puzzle using words familiar to endurance riders.

RIDE MANAGEMENT

Rodin,Karen (1982): How to manage an endurance ride. Western Horseman 47(4, April), 21-23.
This article covers the many things to consider in putting on an endurance ride: the trail, trail marking, length, insurance, awards, veterinarians, entry fees, sanctioning, help, camp and awards.

Hill,Lin (1978): Inside a 50-miler. Western Horseman 43(12, December), 31-32.
This is a first-hand account of what it is like to assist with a 50-mile endurance ride.

Anon. (1974): On these two pages (typical post-ride record American River Ride 1973). Arabian Horse World 15(2, November), 202-203.
This is a reproduction of a sample 1974 post-record sheet furnished to every entrant by the ride management.

Lewis,Cliff; Trent,Loy Ann (1972): Organizing an endurance ride. Western Horseman 37(1, January), 7, 120-122.
This is an account of organizing a ride by the Nevada All-State Trail Riders organization.

Scannell,Audrey (1969): Setting up an E-n-d-u-r-a-n-c-e ride. Western Horseman 34(1, January), 54-55, 136, 138.
Enumerates the points to consider for those wishing to put on an endurance ride.

SELECTING THE ENDURANCE HORSE

Kadash,Kathy (1995): Picking the perfect horse. Part two. Distance riding. Western Horseman 60(12, December), 42-50.
Veteran endurance riders - Bill Hinkebein, Valerie Kanavy, Kathy Morris and Bazy Tankersley- share their ideas on choosing the ideal endurance horse. Topics covered include conformation, disposition and breeding.

Sellnow,Les (1994): You gotta have heart. Western Horseman 59(6, June), 123-128.
The use of ultrasound to measure the size of a horse's heart may be an important tool in helping in the selection of an endurance horse.

Smith,Deborah (1994): Breeding/selecting for endurance. Appaloosa Journal 49(2, February), 19.
Two Appaloosa breeders comment on the qualities needed for a good endurance horse.

Anon. (1990): The selection and evaluation of endurance horses. Equine Athlete 3(5, September/October), 18-20.
This is an American Equine Sports Medicine feature article interviewing Drs. Kerry Ridgway and James Bryant. Both of these veterinarians are deeply involved in endurance riding both as competitors and veterinarians. Topics covered include selection, temperament, and conformation.

Hart,Courtney; Close,Pat (1989): Selecting endurance prospects. Western Horseman 54(10, October), 100-103,104-105.
This engineer, part-time endurance consultant and husband of Becky Hart tells what qualities he looks for in an endurance horse. The points covered include feet, pasterns, cannon bones, legs, hindquarters, head, neck, shoulder, heart girth, back, temperament, mileage vs. speed, and breed.

Ridgway,KJ (1989): Selecting the endurance horse. In: Equine Sports Medicine. (Ed: Jones,William E) Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, PA, 290-293.
Presents points to consider in selecting the endurance horse by a veterinarian with many years of experience in endurance riding. Topics covered include: type, body size, way of going, attitude, heart size, heart scores, conformation, and veterinarian pre-purchase examination.

Swan,Karen (1984): Will he go the distance? Appaloosa News 41(8, August), 66-68.
Elements to look for in your trail horse if you are thinking of switching to endurance riding.

Humphreys,S (1982): Finding the endurance horse - Part 1. Get it right for success. Riding Monthly (February), 22-23.
Not seen

Barsaleau,Richard B (1968): Horses for trail and endurance riding. Western Horseman 33(9, September), 56-57, 142-144.
A basic article that covers what to look for in an endurance horse: selection, training and special considerations for endurance competition.

Tellington,Linda; Tellington,Wentworth (1963): Conditioning the endurance horse: Part I Introduction. Arabian Horse World 3(11, August), 51-52.
Covers a basic description of what endurance riding is and selection of the endurance horse with focus on head and neck.

Tellington,Linda; Tellington,Wentworth (1963): Conditioning the endurance horse: Part I (Cont.) Selecting the endurance horse. Arabian Horse World 3(12, September), 37-38.
Discusses the desirable body and legs for an endurance horse and talks about its way of going.

Miscellaneous rides

Smith,Don Ian (1987): Riding with ghosts on the terrible trail. Western Horseman 52(7, July), 110-113.
An account of the first (1986) Lost Wagon Train Ride in eastern Oregon. The ride of 306 miles combines history and endurance for a great time.

Anon. (1986): Appaloosa wins Horse Ridge 100. Appaloosa News 41(43)(7, August), 66.
Short account of the winning of the Horse Ridge 100.

Anon. (1986): Slow and steady reaps its rewards. Appaloosa News 41(43)(5, October), 84.
A slow and steady rider finds that her horse can also race. (Fort Valley 50-Mile Ride)

O'Connor (1985): Appaloosas do well in national rides. Appaloosa News 42(11, November), 207-208.
Brief account of the 1985 National Appaloosa Endurance Ride held near Los Alamos, New Mexico.

Paulo,Karen (1985): The Oregon 100. Appaloosa News 42(11, November), 209.
A brief account of the 1985 Oregon 100 and the placing of Appaloosas entered.