Exam 3 Biol106 Spring 2005

(1) The time it takes for a gas like oxygen over a distance of 1 millimeter is:

(a) 100 seconds

(b) 1000 seconds

(c) 10000 seconds

(d) 100000 seconds

(2) When organisms get larger than 1 millimeter, to be able to take up sufficient oxygen across their external surface they need to:

(a) increase their volume

(b) decrease the ratio of surface area to volume

(c) increase their surface area

(d) decrease their surface area

(3) When carbon dioxide is produced this results in:

(a) increased pH

(b) decreased pH

(c) no change in pH

(4) Organisms like humans sense reduced oxygen by monitoring:

(a) death of the brain

(b) reduced oxygen in the bloodstream

(c) decreased pH in the bloodstream

(d) increased pH in the bloodstream

(5) Collagen is:

(a) the least abundant protein in humans

(b) a protein that normally has a low melting temperature of 20 degrees C

(c) a protein fiber that forms a triple helix

(d) NOT found in teeth, tendons, and cartilage

(6) In counter current exchange in the fish gill:

(a) blood moves in the same direction as water

(b) water moves back and forth, blood moves in one direction

(c) blood moves in the opposite direction as water

(7) If blood in the fish gill moves in the same direction as water (that is 100% air saturated):

(a) maximum oxygen concentration in blood exiting the fish gill will be 100% air saturation.

(b) maximum oxygen concentration in blood exiting the fish gill will be 50% air saturation.

(c) maximum oxygen concentration in blood exiting the fish gill will be 25% air saturation.

(d) maximum oxygen concentration in blood exiting the fish gill will be 0% air saturation.

(8) After the blood leaves the fish gill, it goes to the:

(a) heart ventricle

(b) heart atrium

(c) systemic capillaries

(d) pulmonary vein

(9) What are the small structures on fish gills that contain capillary beds?

(a) lamellae

(b) microvilli

(c) alveoli

(d) arteries

(10) Air enters the insect tracheal system via:

(a) ostea

(b) spiracles

(c) sinuses

(d) hairs

(11) Insects have:

(a) a closed circulatory system

(b) 4 chambered hearts

(c) an open circulatory system

(d) low metabolic rates

(12) Human lung systems are inefficient because:

(a) the alveoli are densely supplied with capillaries

(b) the heart has 4 chambers

(c) oxygenated blood mixes with deoxygenated blood

(d) tidal ventilation in the lung does not allow complete exchange with each breathing cycle

(13) The pathway of blood in amphibians is:

(a) right atriumà left atrium à ventricle à lung and skin capillaries à systemic capillaries à right atrium

(b) left atrium à lung and skin capillaries à right ventricle à right atrium à systemic capillaries à right atrium

(c) right atrium à ventricle à lung and skin capillaries à left atrium à ventricle à systemic capillaries à right atrium

(d) left atrium à lung and skin capillaries à right atrium à right ventricle à right atrium à systemic capillaries

(14) Crocodiles have:

(a) 1 chambered hearts

(b) 2 chambered hearts

(c) 3 chambered hearts

(d) 4 chambered hearts

(15) Which of the following is a characteristic of veins

(a) thicker walls than arteries

(b) always contain deoxygenated blood

(c) have valves to prevent backflow of blood

(16) The human digestive system is an example of:

(a) a gastrovascular cavity

(b) alimentary canal

(c) countercurrent exchange

(17) The human stomach contains the following enzymes:

(a) pepsin

(b) cellulase

(c) amylase

(d) HCl

(18) Most of the nutrient absorption in the human digestive system takes place in:

(a) the mouth

(b) the stomach

(c) the small intestine

(d) the large intestine

(19) Procarboxypeptidase, trypsinogen, and chymotrypsinogen are produced by the:

(a) parietal cells

(b) salivary glands

(c) pancreas

(d) thymus

(20) Procarboxypeptidase, trypsinogen, and chymotrypsinogen are:

(a) proteases

(b) cellulases

(c) inactive protease precursors

(d) activated by HCl

(21) Which of the following mixtures in water will digest protein:

(a) amylase, mucous

(b) Trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase

(c) Trypsinogen, procarboxypeptidase, chymotrypsinogen

(d) Enteropeptidase, peptobismol, pepsinogen

(22) The large intestine is:

(a) filled with symbiotic bacteria

(b) only present in herbivores

(c) where food goes before it enters the cecum

(d) a site of protein digestion

(23) Based on what you know about bacteria in the gut of animals:

(a) the type of bacteria present in a given animal is completely random

(b) the type of bacteria present in an animal can be very specific and can perform specific functions

(c) bacteria in the gut of animal are generally inactive

(d) the bacteria in the guts of humans are the same in all individuals

(24) The cecum:

(a) is an extension of the mouth in herbivores

(b) is very large in some herbivores

(c) is a site of mechanical digestion

(d) an important digestive organ in humans

(25) Pheromones:

(a) travel in the circulatory system and can affect target cells

(b) are small volatile signals that function in communication between animals

(c) are only used by humans

(26) The sequence of action of a steriod hormone is as follows:

(a) binding to receptor, diffusion across membrane, regulation of gene expression

(b) regulation of gene expression, binding of receptor, diffusion across membrane

(c) diffusion across membrane, binding to receptor, regulation of gene expression

(27) Many hormones are derived from:

(a) amino acids

(b) sugars

(c) sodium

(28) This enzyme is only produced by bacteria and protists:

(a) amylase

(b) pepsin

(c) cellulase

(29) Large surface area:

(a) Helps to increase gas exchange

(b) reduces nutrient uptake

(c) probably would slow down the rate of the body’s heat loss

(30) Large animals are more likely to have:

(a) Gas exchange via gills and lungs instead of body surface

(b) gastrovascular cavities instead of alimentary canals

(c) open circulatory systems instead of closed circulatory systems

(31) If an organism’s Q₁₀ value for respiration is 2, and its respiration rate at 25°C is 1 unit O₂ per minute:

(a) at 10°C, the respiration rate will be 2 units O₂ per minute

(b) at 35°C, the respiration rate will be 0.5 units O₂ per minute.

(c) at 35°C, the respiration rate will be 2 units O₂ per minute

(d) at 15°C, the respiration rate will be 2 units O₂ per minute

(32) Which of the following is a characteristic of an ectotherm?

(a) body temperature the same as the environment

(b) large body size

(c) thick insulating layer

(33) Which of the following could be used to increase internal body temperature in a cold environment:

(a) behavioral thermoregulation

(b) panting

(c) green adipose tissue

(34) Which of the following helps animals to tolerate cold temperatures:

(a) an increased proportion of saturated fatty acids in their membranes

(b) an increased proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in their membranes

(c) small body size

(35) The animal above is in the phylum:

(a) chordata

(b) mollusca

(c) annelida

(d) platyhelminthes

(36) Sea urchins and starfish are:

(a) protostomes

(b) molluscs

(c) echinoderms

(37) Platyhelminthes flatworms do not have:

a. a coelom

b. a gastrovascular cavity

c. bilateral symmetry

(38) Cnidarians include:

a. sponges

b. nematodes

c. sea anemones

(39) Annelids have:

a. a closed circulatory system

b. a gastrovascular cavity

c. 3 chambered hearts.

(40) Hermaphrodites:

a. do not have to have sex to reproduce

b. are always males

c. have book lungs

(41) The structures above are found in:

a. insects

b. birds

c. humans

(42) The organ above is:

a. the pancreas

b. part of the fish gill

c. the small intestine

(43) increased surface area:

a. decreases nutrient absorption

b. increases gas exchange

c. increases pH

(44) Follicle stimulating hormone is involved in:

a. glucose regulation

b. reproduction

c. digestion

(45) Heterotrophs

a. require both males and females for reproduction

b. cannot synthesize their own food

c. only eat plant material

(46) The muscular chambers of the heart that force blood into the lungs or systemic blood vessels are called:

a. atria

b. ventricles

c. septa

(47) Normal collagen melts at around:

a. 58 degrees C

b. 28 degrees C

c. 8 degrees C

(48) Small (<1 cm) organisms:

a. can use their body surface for most gas exchange

b. have a low ratio of surface area to body volume

c. find it easier to enter and exit water than large organisms

(49) The tidal volume in human breathing is:

a. 5000 ml

b. 500 ml

c. 50 ml

(50) Nematodes have:

a. a closed circulatory system

b. a pseudo coelom

c. segments

(51) You have exam version A. Pls mark “A” on your answer sheet.