ABSTRACT: Discusses the proposition that choices in clothing express
the desires and fears that give rise to the relationship of the child to
the maternal space. Clothes enable the wearer to construct a physical protection
that takes the place of the maternal environment. It is suggested that the
continuing need for such protection is linked to the dehumanization of the
environment, from which the individual screens the self by developing artificial
barriers.
Cado, S. (1989). Cognitive behavior therapy with and without
size perception training for women with negative body image. Unpublished
doctoral dissertation, University of Vermont.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Social perception; Cognitive therapy
Cahoon, D. D., Edmonds, E. M. (1987). Estimates of opposite-sex first impressions related to females' clothing style. Perceptual-and-Motor-Skills; Vol. 65(2) 406. Augusta College, Georgia.
ABSTRACT: 44 male and 81 female college students were shown slides of
a female wearing conservative clothing and of a female in sexually provocative
clothing. Results were consistent with a previous study by the present authors
describing a negative bias toward women in provocative clothing.
Cahoon, D. D.; Edmonds, E. M. (1989). Male-female estimates of opposite-sex first impressions concerning females' clothing styles. Bulletin-of-the-Psychonomic-Society. August College, Georgia
ABSTRACT: 44 male and 81 female college students recorded their impressions
of a model dressed either conservatively or in clothing judged to be sexually
provocative, and also attempted to estimate the impressions of a typical
member of the opposite sex. Results indicate a generally negative bias toward
women wearing provocative clothing. The most striking finding was that females
greatly overestimated the extent of male rape motivation.
Campbell, K. M. (1978). Self-concept of normal weight, overweight,
and obese adolescent females. Unpublished master's thesis, California
State University, Long Beach.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body image; Self-perception; Obesity
Carey, I. L. S. (1988). Changes in clothing use, body cathexis,
and self-concept as the result of participation in an image improvement
through dress program. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Nevada,
Reno.
ABSTRACT: The study was designed to determine the influence of an image
improvement through dress program on clothing use, body cathexis, clothed
body cathexis, and self-concept. Subjects were 29 working women who were
administered a body cathexis scale, clothed body-cathexis scale, Tennessee
Self-Concept Scale, and clothing use instrument. T-test determined body
cathexis scores had improved, but the clothing use instrument indicated
the improvement was not necessarily due to the adoption of clothing styles.
Body cathexis scores compared to clothed body cathexis scores indicated
that clothed body cathexis and body cathexis were different constructs.
KEYWORDS: Body cathexis; Self-concept
Carlyle, P. J. M. (1977). Garment size related to fashionableness and shopping problems of women. University of Missouri-Columbia.
ABSTRACT: (none)
Carmichael, C. M., & McGue, M. (1995). A cross-sectional examination
of height, weight, and body mass index in adult twins. The Journals of
Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 50(4),
B237.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body
Carpenter, K. (1989). The effects of physical activity on body
satisfaction. Unpublished master's thesis, Appalachan State University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body satisfaction; Body image
Carr, N. J. (1962). The effect of isometric contraction and progressive
body conditioning exercises on selected of physical fitness and badminton
achievement of college women. Unpublished master's thesis, University
of Washington, Seattle.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body; Isometric exercise; Physicall fitness
Carr-Nangle, R. E., Johnson, W. G., Bergeron, K. C., & Nangle, D.
W. (1994). Body image changes over the menstrual cycle in normal women.
International Journal of Eating Disorders, 16(3), 267-273.
ABSTRACT: The study investigated changes in body image across the menstrual
cycle and the relationship between these changes and menstrual distress
to identify determinants of body dissatisfaction. The subjects include 26
normally cycling women, aged 22-39 yrs, with 90-115% of ideal body weight
and no history of eating disorder, completed a series of body image measures
and a measure of menstrual distress during 3 menstrual cycle phases. Findings
suggest that menstrual cycle changes play a significant role in body image.
KEYWORDS: Body image; Body weight
Caruso, B. W. (1978). Body image and self-esteem in black and
white boys in elementary school. Unpublished master's thesis, California
State University, Northridge.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Body image
Caruso, J. A. (1991). The predictive validity of anthropometric
body density equations in lean female athletes. Unpublished master's
thesis, Wake Forest University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body weight; Anthropometry; Women athletes
Casey, V. A., Dwyer, J. T., Coleman, K. A., & Valadin, I. (1992).
Body mass index from children to middle age: A 50 year follow up. American
Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 56(1), 14-18.
ABSTRACT: The tracking of body mass index (BMI) over a 50 year period in
a longitudinal study was examined by using both correlation coefficients
and the Foulkes-Davis tracking index. Over the long term, BMIs before maturity
were poor predictors of middle-aged BMI status in females, but were good
predictors males. The prediction of ponderosity in middle age from BMIs
early in life is more reliable for males than for females.
KEYWORDS: Body Size; Body weight; Sex differences
Cash, T. F. (1985). Your body image. (Cassette Recording).
Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Body image
Cash, T. F., & Green, G. K. (1986). Body weight and body image
among college women: Perception, cognition, and affect. Journal of Personality
Assessment, 50(2), 290-301.
ABSTRACT: The study recruited 36 female undergraduates with stable body
weights. Each subject was asked to respond to a general weight information
questionnaire and the Body-Self Relations Questionnaire, a standardized
instrument assessing affective, cognitive, and behavioral components of
appearance-related body image. A newly developed apparatus and procedure
for estimating body size, the Body Image Detection Device (G.A. Ruff and
B.A. Barrios) was utilized for perceptual and cognitive measures of body
image. Findings suggest that the perceptual, affective, and cognitive components
of body image differed as a function of body weight, but the nature of the
differences varied with the measure employed.
KEYWORDS: Body size; Body weight; Body image
Cash, T. F. (1990). The psychology of physical appearance: Aesthetics,
attributes, and images. New York: Guilford Press.
ABSTRACT: The book provides an overview of the psychology of physical appearance
- the scientific study of how our physical aesthetics and our bodily attributes,
including our somatic self-perceptions, affect our lives; focuses largely
upon physical attributes that fall within the normal range of appearance;
overall appearance: social images (appearance-cued stereotyping, social
consequences of appearance stereotyping), bodily attributes: social images
and self-images (body weight: obesity, social stigma, and self-stigma, male
pattern hair loss); aesthetic self-management of physical appearance.
KEYWORDS: Body weight; Physical appearance; Body image; Self-concept
Cash, T. F., & Hicks, K. L. (1990). Being fat versus thinking
fat: Relationships with body image, eating behaviors, and well-being. Cognitive
Therapy and Research, 14(3), 327-341.
ABSTRACT: Two correlational studies investigated the independent relationships
of actual and self-classified weight to body image attitudes, weight concerns,
eating and dieting behaviors, and psychosocial well-being. In study 1, subjects
self-classified as overweight, relative to normal-weight controls, reported
a less-adaptive body image, more frequent binge eating and dietary restraint
to lose weight, and poorer well-being. In study 2, actually being overweight
produced only a few group differences, particularly for females, from subject
self-classified as overweight.
KEYWORDS: Body image; Body weight; Self-report
Cash, T. F. (1990). Body images: Development, deviance, and change.
New York: Guilford Press.
ABSTRACT: The book reviews and elucidates diverse concepts of body image,
body-image development, psychosocially dysfunctional deviations from normal
appearance, and methods of facilitating body-image change.
KEYWORDS: Body image; Physical appearance; Plastic surgery
Cash, T. F., Novy, P. L., & Grant, J. R. (1994). Why do women
exercise: Factor analysis and further validation of the reasons for exercise
inventory. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 78(2), 539-544.
ABSTRACT: The study examined the factor structure and correlates of the
Reasons for Exercise Inventory (REI) in 101 female university students who
regularly exercise and asked them to complete the 24-item REI (with 1 added
item), two standarized body-image measures, and to report their weekly frequency
of exercise. Results indicated that fitness/health management, stress/mood
management, and socializing appearance/weight management was associated
with a more negative body image independent of actual body mass and was
the only motive related to self-reported frequency of exercise.
KEYWORDS: Body; Exercise
Cash, T. F. (1994). Body image and weight changes in a multisite
comprehensive very-low-calorie diet program. Behavior Therapy, 25(2),
239.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body; Body image
Cash, T. F., & Henry, P. E. (1995). Women's body images: The
results of a national survey in the U.S.A. Sex Roles, 33(1-2), 19-28.
ABSTRACT: Body image of 803 women (aged 18-70 yrs) in the US was examined
using selected subscales from the standardized Multidimensional Body-Self
Relations Questionnaire, designed by T.F. Cash (1985). Results indicate
substantial levels of body dissatisfaction, possibly surpassing levels observed
in the 1985 survey. The majority subjects indicated having negative evaluations
of their appearance and a preoccupation with being or becoming overweight.
Compared to age, race/ethnicity appeared significantly influencing positive
body image to African-American than to Anglo or Hispanic women.
KEYWORDS: Body image; Body satisfaction
Cassidy, C. M. (1991). The good body: When big is better. Medical
Anthropology, 13(3), 181-213.
ABSTRACT: The study explores the logic that makes large body size culturally
desirable. Physical bigness both permits and proves good survivorship skills
and symbolizes such as widely desired social goods as abundance, fertility,
health, success, wealth, prestige, admirability, and beauty.
KEYWORDS: Body size; Body shape
Cavanaugh Fowler, B. (1983). The relationship between body image
perception and weight status in the adolescent female. Unpublished master's
thesis, University of Cincinnati.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body weight; Body image; Adolescent female
Cerny, C. A. (1988). Quilted apparel: A case study of a cultural vehicle. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Minnesota.
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to explore the function of dress
as a vehicle of culture: Dress conveys meaning about the wearer and the
circumstances of his/her interaction with others, shaping the wearer's conceptions
of identity. The significance of dress to the individual is established
in the course of social transactions is circumscribed by cultural ideology.
Chang, E. (1992). Clothing for elderly women with arthritis. Unpublished master's dissertation. Texas Woman's University.
ABSTRACT: This study was undertaken to determine whether the self-concept
of disabled elderly women was influenced by fashionable clothing with special
features of comfort and ease of dressing. Clothing designs and modifications
were specific for elderly women having arthritis. Three garments were designed
and constructed to demonstrate the feasibility of designing fashionable
clothing for disabled elderly women. The designs of the garments were developed
to simulate garments worn by persons with no physical disability. Special
features were incorporated into the garments to encourage self-help dressing
and to minimized figure flaws.
Chang Kim, S. N. (1993). Women models in Korea and American magazine
advertisements: A cross-cultural study. Unpublished master's thesis,
University of Missouri, Columbia.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body image; Magazine; Women in advertising
Channon, S., de-Silva, P., & Hemsley, D. (1990). Body size perception
and preferences in stable weight and improved weight anorexic patients.
The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 9(4), 403-408.
ABSTRACT: The study compared attitudes to body size in female anorexic (AN)
patients and sex-matched controls using a series of drawing of female figure
in a paired comparison task. Results indicate that while the AN participants
rated themselves as thinner than the controls, both groups were found to
prefer a thinner than average body size. The dissatisfaction degree with
body size was related to the severity of the illness.
KEYWORDS: Body size
Chen, Z. Y., & Cunnane, S. C. (1993). Weight cycling does affect
body composition. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 58(2),
243.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body; Body composition
Chen, Y., Rennie, D. C., & Reeder, B. A. (1995). Age-related
association between body mass index and blood pressure: The Humboldt study.
International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders: Journal
of The International Association for The Study of Obesity, 19(11), 825.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body; Body mass index; Blood pressure
Chesters, L. (1994). Women's talk: Food, weight and body image.
Special feature: Doing it by degrees: Feminist undergraduate dissertation.
Feminism and Psychology, 4(3), 449-457.
ABSTRACT: The study analyzed the discourses of 10 female British college
students with or without anorexia as they discussed food, weight, and body
shape. The discourses of both anorexic and normal women were constructed
from images of dissatisfaction concerning their bodies. The discourse also
showed how losing weight was an attempt to gain control. Both groups also
felt that women measure themselves against one another.
KEYWORDS: Body weight; Body image
Chilibeck, P. D. (1992). Effects of resistance training on bone
mass and body composition in young women. Unpublished master's thesis,
McMaster University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body mass; Body composition; Weight training; Osteoporsis
Chinn, S., Rona, R., Gulliford, M., & Hammond, J. (1992). Weight-for-height
in children aged 4-14 years. A new index compared tothe normalized body
mass index. european Journal of clinical nutrition, 046(7), 489.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Weight; Height; Children; Normal
Chocron, N. N. (1990). The relationship between self-esteem, satisfaction
with physical appearance, locus-of-control, and career aspirations among
high school and college female students. Dissertation Abstracts International,
51(10), 5071B, California School of Professional Psychology, Los Angeles.
ABSTRACT: The study attempted to explore the extent to which levels of perceived
satisfaction with physical appearance, mediated by locus of control orientation,
would predict levels of self-esteem, which would, in turn, be reflected
in women's career behaviors. Results did not confirm the entirety of the
predicted relationship between perceived satisfaction with physical appearance,
locus of control, and their combined contribution to the prediction of self-esteem
and career behavior. The study suggests that the social demand for beauty
may be deleterious, and affect women's self-esteem, their career behavior
and choices only to the extent that it is perceived as important to their
sense of self-worth.
KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Locus-of-control; Physical appearance
Chodil, J. J. (1980). An investigation of the relation between
perceived body space, actual body space, body image boundary, and self-esteem.
Unpublished doctoral dissertation, New York University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Self-perception; Environmental psychology
Chong, C. K., Tseng, C. H., Tai, T. Y., & Wong, M. K. (1995).
Body composition and its relationship to physical activity and anthropometric
factors in Chinese adults. Journal of The Formosan Medical Association,
94(8), 481.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body ; Body composition; Anthropometric; Physical activity
Chopra, D. (1994). Ageless body, timeless mind. (Cassette
Recording). Niles, Illinois: Nightingale-Conant.
ABSTRACT: Breaking the myths of aging, ten new assumptions about the body,
reinterpreting the body, the healing power of awareness, exercises for using
the power of awareness, etc.
KEYWORDS: Body
Chow, L. W.-C. (1944). A study of the height and weight of Chinese
school children on some Northern Californian cities. Unpublished master's
thesis, College of The Pacific, Stockton.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body; Body height; Body weight
Chow, L. W. C. (1944). A study of the height and weight of chinese
school children in some northern California cities. Unpublished master's
thesis, University of Pacific, Stockton, California.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body weight; Stature; Chinese American Children
Chowdhary, U. Plus-size women's clothing interest, satisfactions
and dissatisfactions with ready-to wear apparel. Perceptual-and-Motor-Skills.
Vol. 66(3) 183-788. University of Missouri, Columbia, US.
ABSTRACT: 71 large-size women (size 16 and over) participated in an assessment
of their clothing interest, satisfactions, and dissatisfactions with ready-to
wear apparel for 6 types of apparel (e.g., dresses, pants) and 7 factors
(color, fabric, fashion, fit, selection, size and style). Analysis showed
that the subjects were satisfied with 5 of the 6 apparel categories. However,
opinion regarding satisfaction differed by size and age. Fit and size were
the most common problem areas. Satisfaction and problems were associated
with specific articles of apparel.
Chowdhary, U. (1993). Self-perceived somatotypes and clothing-related
behavior of older men and women. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 77(1),
307-322.
ABSTRACT: An investigation of relationship between clothing-related behavior
of older men and women and self-perceived somatotypes was administered among
507 elderly subjects (65-88 years old, 70% women). Results indicate that
body-type was significantly related to significance of apparel, self-esteem,
and chronological age. No sex differences were found in perception of body-types.
KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Clothing related behavior; Sex & self-perceived
somatotypes; Body shape
Chowdhary, U., & Beale, N. V. (1988). Plus-size women's clothing
interest, satisfactions and dissatisfactions with ready-to-wear apparel.
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 66(3), 783-788.
ABSTRACT: The study recruited large-size women (size16 and over) to participated
in an assessment of their clothing interest, satisfactions, and dissatisfactions
with ready-to-wear apparel for six types of apparel (e.g. dresses, pants)
and seven factors (color, fabric, fashion, fit, selection, size, and style).
Findings showed that subjects were satisfied with 5 of the 6 apparel categories.
Fit and size were the most common problem areas.
KEYWORDS: Body size; Clothing interest; Ready-to-wear apparel
Chrisholm, J. C. (1969). Adolescent self-portraits and body type.
Unpublished master's thesis, Aldephi University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body type; Somatotypes; Self-perception
Chrisler, J. C., & Ghiz, L. (1993). Body image issues of older women.
Women and Therapy, 14(1-2), 67.
ABSTRACT: Contends that body image concerns are not restricted to eating
disordered clients and can occur in women of any age. Physical changes that
affect body image as women age include slowing of the metabolic rate, menopause,
facial structure, use of devices, and increased health problems. Feminist
therapists can be aware of their own attitudes toward aging, encourage clients
to celebrate aging and share research findings (i.e. good effect of self-help
groups, dance therapy, and regular exercise) that help work against ageing
and sexist oppression.
KEYWORDS: Body; Body image
Chumlea, W. C., Roche, A. F., & Webb, P. (1984). Body size, subcutaneous
fatness and total body fat in older adults. International Journal of
Obesity, 8(4), 311-317.
ABSTRACT: A study of the relationships among several measures of body size
and subcutaneous fat (SF) to estimates of total and percentage body fat
(from body density measurements) were conducted on a study group of 21 females
and 24 males, ages 54-85. The results show that men had larger body sizes
and significantly less percentage body fat and arm and leg SF than women.
No differences in trunk SF or total body fat were noted between sexes.
KEYWORDS: Body size; Body fat
Chun-Yoon, J.; Jasper, C. R. (1995). Consumer Preferences for size description systems of men's and women's apparel. The Journal of Consumer Affairs; Vol. 29, number 2.
ABSTRACT: (none)
Chwast, R. (1978). The interrelationship among accuracy of body
size perception, body satisfaction and the body image in obese and non-obese
women. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Case Western Reserve University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body size;Body image; Body satisfaction; Obesity
Ciccolella, M. E. (1975). Body composition changes of obese college
women during weight reduction. Unpublished master's thesis, Brigham
Young University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body; Body composition; Exercise; Obesity
Clance, P. R., Matthews, T. V., & Joesting, J. (1979). Body cathexis
and self-cathexis in an interactional awareness training class. Perceptual
and Motor Skills, 48(1), 221-222.
ABSTRACT: The study examined the effects of a Psychology of Adjustment class
on body-acceptance and self-acceptance in 22 undergraduates. An Introductory
to Psychology class with 45 undergraduates served as a control group. Results
indicated that the adjustment group showed a larger gain on both scales
than the control. Sex, interacted with Group significantly on the Body-Cathexis
Scale only.
KEYWORDS: Body cathexis; Self-cathexis
Clance, P. R., Thompson, M. B., Simerly, D. E., & Weiss, A. (1994).
The effects of the gestalt approach on body image. Gestalt Journal,
17(1), 95-114.
ABSTRACT: The study hypothesized that Gestalt-therapy awareness exercises
and intervention techniques would result in positive changes in subjects'
attitudes toward body and self and that treatment would correlate with the
sex of the subjects. A total of 15 undergraduate students and 15 control
subjects participated in the study. Gestalt therapy brought about a significant
positive change in the subjects' attitudes toward body and self.
KEYWORDS: Body cathexis; Body image
Clark, K. M. (1995). Changes in body mass index in girls with
precocius puberty. Unpublished master's thesis, Wayne State University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body mass
Clarys, J. P., & Marfell-Jones, M. J. (1994). Soft tissue segmentation
of the body and fractionation of the upper and lower limbs. Ergonomics:
The Official Publication Of The Ergonomics Research Society, 37(1),
217.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body
Clauser, C. E. (1970). Weight, volume, and center of mass of segments
of the human body. Ohio: Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Aerospace
Medical Division, Air Force Systems Command.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body mass; Anthropometry
Clayton, R., Lennon, S. J., & Larkin, J. (1987). Perceived fashionability
of a garment as inferred from the age and body type of the wearer. Home
Economics Research Journal, 15(4), 237-246.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body type
Cocklin, J. C. (1989). The effects of physical fitness and body
cathexis on self-concept change in women after aerobic conditioning. Dissertation
Abstracts International, 49(10), 4594B, Oklahoma State University.
ABSTRACT: The purposes of the study were (a) to examine the effects of participation
in an aerobic dance class on self-concept, and (b) to determine if level
of physical fitness and feelings about the body (body cathexis) were significantly
related to self-concept change. Subjects were 69 women, aged 20-50 who were
randomly assigned to experimental and placebo groups, who participated in
exercise classes three nights per week for eight weeks. Results showed that
body cathexis and physical fitness were not found to be significantly related
to self-concept change according to the measures used. Findings supported
the use of physical activity as a viable treatment modality for practitioners
working with female clients exhibiting low self-esteem.
KEYWORDS: Body cathexis; Self-concept; Physical fitness
Cogan, T. E. (1992). The relationship between self-esteem, body
image and dieting cognitions. Unpublished master's thesis, Northeast
Missouri State University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Self-evaluation; Body image
Cohen-Tovee, E. M. (1993). Depressed mood and concern with weight
and shape in normal young women. International Journal of Eating Disorders,
14(2), 223-227.
ABSTRACT: The study investigated the possible role of depression in accentuating
the concerns with weight and shape found in two groups of normal female
population: a group of seventen undergraduates, who placed a high personal
value on shape or weight, and a group of sixteen undergraduates, who placed
a low value on shape and weight.
KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Body image; Body weight; Depression emotion
Cohn, L. D., Adler, N. E., Irwin, C. E., & Millstein, S. G. (1987).
Body figure preferences in male and female adolescents. Journal of Abnormal
Psychology, 96(3), 276-279.
ABSTRACT: The study replicated the procedure used by Fallon and Rozin (1985)
to assess body-size preferences in a sample of 288 female and 283 male adolescents
aged ten to fifteen years. Both sexes revealed a small degree of body figure
dissatisfaction relative to their chosen ideal, but neither sex rated their
own figure as significantly different from the size considered most attractive
to the opposite sex. Both male and female adolescents held distorted perceptions
of opposite-sex preferences.
KEYWORDS: Body size; Adolescence
Cohn, L. D., & Adler, N. E. (1992). Female and male perceptions
of ideal body shapes: Distorted view among Caucasian college students. Psychology
of Women Quarterly, 16(1), 69-79.
ABSTRACT: The study examined whether women estimate the desirability of
thin figures among female peers. Using body silhouettes, 87 college women
and 118 college men indicated the size of their own body figure, their ideal
figure, the figure most attractive to other sex peers, and the figure most
attractive the same sex peers. Findings show the female silhouette that
women selected as most attractive to same sex peers was significantly thinner
than the silhouette that women actually selected as most desirable. College
men also misjudged the body preference of the same sex peers, exaggerating
the extent to which other men perceived large physiques as ideal and desirable.
KEYWORDS: Body size; Body image
Collins, J.K.; Harper, J.F.; Cassel, A.J. (1976). Self-body recognition in late adolescence. Australian Psychologist; Vol. 11(2) 153-157. Macquarie University School of Behavioral Sciences, North Ryde, Australia.
ABSTRACT: 149 17-20 year old males and females were photographed in 3
orientations: front, side, and rear, after eliminating clothing, facial
, and situational clues to identity. One week later, each subject was asked
to identify himself from an array of 7 photographs grouped according to
height and linearity. Three arrays of 7 photographs were presented to each
subject, 1 array for each orientation. While results show no sex differences
in correctness of identifications, females took significantly longer to
identify themselves that did the males. For both sexes, front identifications
were made faster and wee more often correct than were rear identifications,
which, in turn, were made faster and more often correct than side identifications.
Results are discussed in terms of familiarity, ego-involvement, and the
increased attention given to the body during adolescence.
Collins, P. (1975). Objective self-awareness, performance and
self-esteem of overweight and normal weight male high school students.
Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Self-esteem
Compton, N. H. (1969). Clothing fabric preferences in relation to selected physical and personality characteristics. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Maryland College Park.
ABSTRACT: (none)
Cone, D. M. (1984). Clothing needs of elderly arthritic women. Educational Gerontology; Vol. 10(6) 441-448. University of Arkansas, Fayetteville.
ABSTRACT: Based on interviews conducted with 25 elderly arthritic women
with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, or a combination of both types,
3 garments( a dress, blouse, and pair of pants) were designed to make dressing
and undressing easier. Results indicate that subjects displayed a greater
ability to dress themselves using test garment that provided additional
ease, front openings, and Velcro fasteners.
Conger, P. R. (1964). Physical performance and body form as related
to physical activity of college women. Unpublished master's thesis, Michigan
State University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body form; Exercise
Connors, M. E. (1984). Structured group treatment of normal weight
bulimic women. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Depaul University.
ABSTRACT: The study investigated the effect of a structured group treatment
program for normal weight bulimic women. Subjects were 20 women who were
bingeing and purging at least once weekly received 12 two-hour sessions
of group treatment. Results indicated that a reduction in the number of
binge/purge episodes and an increase in the number of binge-free days were
associated with group treatment. Improvement on several self-report measures
were associated with group treatment, including increases in the self-esteem,
feelings of control, and sense of effectiveness. The data suggest that structured
group treatment constitutes an effective and efficient intervention for
bulimia.
KEYWORDS: Body weight; Bulimia
Conto, L. L. (1975). The police uniform: Its effects of self-image
and role performance. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Massachusetts.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Self-image; Self-respect; Uniform
Cook, T.C. (1980). Selected clothing buying practices of high
school girls in Carrollton Texas. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
University of North Texas.
ABSTRACT: (none)
Cook, V. L. (1993). Self-esteem as a mediator of disturbance in
body image: An experimental analysis. Unpublished doctoral dissertation,
University of Mississippi.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Body image
Cooke, K. (1995). Real gorgeous: The truth about body and beauty.
New York: W.W. Norton.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Body image; Feminine beauty (aesthetics)
Cooklin, G. (1990). Pattern grading for women's clothes : the
technology of sizing. Oxford ; Boston: BSP Professional Books.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Sizing; Dressmaking; Pattern design; Clothing and dress measurements
Cooklin, G. (1991). Pattern grading foe children's clothes : the
technology of sizing. Oxford ; Boston: BSP Professional.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Sizing; Childrens clothing; Pattern design; Childrens clothing
-- Making
Cooklin, G. (1992). Pattern grading for men's clothes: the technology
of sizing. London; Boston: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Sizing; Tailoring; Pattern design; Clothing and dress measurements;
Men's clothing;
Cooper, P. J., & Taylor, M. J. (1988). Body image disturbance
in bulimia nervosa: Second Leeds Psychopathology Symposium, the psychopathology
of body image. British Journal of Psychiatry, 153 (Suppl 2), 32-36.
ABSTRACT: The study examined body image disturbance in bulimia nervosa and
found a significant tendency for bulimics to overestimate body size, but
that estimate differentials between bulimics and controls are not great
and show variability in both groups. Previous research done by the same
authors showed that the index of body size dissatisfaction was almost three
times as great for bulimics. Moreover, overestimation and dissatisfaction
were significantly related to low self-esteem, the level of neurotic symptoms,
and many of the subscales on an eating disorders inventory.
KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Body image; Bulimia nervosa
Cooper, D. M., Poage, J., Barstow, T. J., & Springer, C. (1990).
Are obese children truly unfit: Minimizing the confounding effect of body
size on the exercise response. The Journal of Pediatrics, 116(2),
223-230.
ABSTRACT: The study tested the hypothesis that obese children are unfit
in terms of abnormal responses to exercise testing consistent with reduced
levels of habitual physical activity. Using a new analytic strategies, the
study found that child's obesity is not a reliable indicator of poor fitness
but that testing cardiorespiratory responses to exercise can be used to
identify subjects with serious impairment and to individualize therapy.
KEYWORDS: Body size; Obesity; Physical activity; Respiration rate
Coovert, D. L. (1987). Body size estimation: Generalization and relationship
to two measures of bulimic symptomatology in a sample of female college
students. Unpublished master's thesis, University of South Florida.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body size; Body image
Coovert, D. L., Thompson, J. k., & Kinder, B. N. (1988). Interrelationships
among multiple aspects of body image and eating disturbance. International
Journal of Eating Disorders, 7(4), 495-502.
ABSTRACT: The study investigated the relationship among several indices
of body size estimation and eating disturbance in college females. Findings
indicate that measures of absolute size and estimated size had stronger
correlations and eating disturbance than degree of perceptual size overestimation.
Actual size was negatively correlated with degree of overestimation, indicating
that small-sized individuals overestimate to a greater degree than large
subjects.
KEYWORDS: Body size; Body image; Eating disturbance
Correia, F. (1995). Trying to fit the mold: One young woman's experience
of dieting. Canada's Mental Health, 43(1), 14-19.
ABSTRACT: A case study of a seventeen year old girl evokes a young woman's
experience with weight reduction highlighting the contradictions and dilemmas
inherent in developing body esteem during adolescence.
KEYWORDS: Body-esteem; Body image; Adolescence
Coulston, A. (1962). Effects of diet and exercise on body weight
and girth measurement. Unpublished master's thesis, Central Washington
State College.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body; Diet and exercise; Body weight; Girth measurement
Counts, C. R., & Adams, H. E. (1985). Body image in bulimic,
dieting, and normal females. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral
Assessment, 7(3), 289-300.
ABSTRACT: The study examined body size estimation and overvaluation of a
thin shape in eleven bulimic females (mean age 21 years), twelve females
having been obese as adults who later lost weight (mean age 22.25 years),
and twelve females with no history of obesity who were dieting (mean age
20.33 years), and twelve females with no history of obesity as adults and
not currently dieting (mean 22.10 years). Each subject was presented a set
of seven silhouettes, one having been drawn from the subject's actual photograph
and the remaining silhouettes representing 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% increases
and decreases in the size of certain body areas of the original figure.
Results suggest that a history of childhood obesity influences significantly
body size overestimation. As the three groups currently dieting appeared
equally dissatisfied with their shape, the study was not able to confirm
the hypothesis that bulimics would appear more dissatisfied with their body
image.
KEYWORDS: Body size; Body image; Bulimia; Dieting
Couturier, L. E. (1986). Exercise as a predictor of body-cathexis
and self-concept in pregnant women. Masters Thesis, Springfield College.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body cathexis; Body image; Self-perception
Cox, C. R. (1987). Risk factors in the development of bulimia. Unpublished
doctoral dissertation, Marquette University.
The study investigated factors which predipose adolescent females toward
bulimia. The study was aimed to test variables which pertain to three major
adolescent taks, such as: securing a sex-role identity, coming to terms
with the maturing body, and establishing social interactions, in order to
determine to what extent these variables separately and as a combined model
contribute to the development of bulimia. A sample of 211 female high school
students (mean age=15.7 years) participated in the study. Results show that
sex-role identity did not contribute to the development of bulimic tendencies.
There was a strong relationship between negative self-esteem and bulimic
tendencies. Public Self-Consciousness affected bulimic tendencies. Results
also indicated that media influence significantly contributed to the development
of bulimic tendencies.
KEYWORDS: Body weight; Bulimia
Craft, D. L. (1977). Competitive ability, physical size, and self-concept
of physical size of selected college women field hockey players. Unpublished
master's thesis, University of Wisconsin, La Crosse.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body size
Craig, C. C. (1970). The relationship between self-concept, sociometric
status, and body weight in college women. Unpublished master's thesis,
Texas Woman's University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body size; Body weight; Self-evaluation
Crawford, S. A. (1992). Social physique anxiety, body satisfaction,
and exercise settings. Unpublished master's thesis, Auburn University.
ABSTRACT: The study examined the ways that social physique anxiety (SPA)
was associated with exercise behaviors among 104 women. Weight satisfaction,
body satisfaction, and reasons for exercise were measured. Subjects were
asked to complete the Attitudes Toward Exercise Settings Questionnaire after
watching two video presentations of aerobics classes in which one class
wore attire emphasizing the physique and the other wore attire de-emphasizing
the physique. Results indicated self-presentational reasons for exercising
were positively associated with SPA. The study also found that SPA was associated
with favorability of attitudes toward both exercise settings, but that SPA
was negatively associated to the setting emphasizing physique and was positively
related to the setting de-emphasizing physique. These associations suggest
that SPA-associated perceptions may deter individuals from exercising in
some settings.
KEYWORDS: Body satisfaction; Body image; Self-perception; Self-presentation
Crawford, S., & Eklund, R. C. (1994). Social physique anxiety,
reasons for exercise, and attitudes toward exercise settings. Journal
of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 16(1), 70-82.
ABSTRACT: The study examined the ways that social physique anxiety (SPA)
was associated with exercise behaviors among 104 women. Subjects completed
measures of SPA, weight satisfaction, body satisfaction, and reasons for
exercise. Subjects also completed the Attitudes Toward Exercise Settings
Questionnaire after watching two videos aerobics. Findings indicated that
SPA was associated with favorability of attitudes toward both exercise settings,
but that SPA was negatively associated to the setting de-emphasizing physique.
These associations suggest that SPA-associated perceptions may deter individuals
from exercising in some settings.
KEYWORDS: Body satisfaction; Social physique anxiety
Creekmore, A. M. (1974). Clothing related to body satisfaction
and perceived peer self. (Research Report, Agricultural Experiment Station239).
Michigan State University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body satisfaction; Clothing and dress
Cremer, A. G. (1970). Relationships between body size estimates,
body image boundaries, and health practices in preadolescents. Unpublished
doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body image; Body size
Crespi, C. T. (1996). The trouble with a bad fit: A novel of food, fashion, and mystery. HarperCollins Publishers.
ABSTRACT: (none).
Culp, C. (1986). The corporate man's basic wardrobe by body type
as recomended by merchants of better clothing stores. Doctoral dissertation,
Texas womens university.
ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was toi develop a plan for a basic wardrobe,
based on body type, for the corporate man. The study involved surveying
owners and managers of men's better clothing stores to develop a descriptive
profile of the stores and the respondents and to ask for the merchants'
recommendations for the corporate man's basic wardrobe. ...(abrigded)
KEYWORDS: Body type; Wardrobe; Men
Culp, C. H. (1986). The corporate man's basic wardrobe by body
type as recommended by merchants of better clothing stores. Dissertation
Abstract International, A47/02, Texas Woman's University.
ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to develop a plan for a basic wardrobe,
based on body type, for the corporate man. The study involved surveying
owners and managers of men's better clothing stores to develop a descriptive
profile of the stores and the respondents and to ask for the merchants'
recommendations for the corporate man's basic wardrobe. Results indicate
three ideal body types and basic wardrobe recommendations that correspond
with each body type.
KEYWORDS: Body type; Man's basic wardrobe
Cunningham, M. R., Roberts, A. R., Barbee, A. P., & Druen, P. B.
(1995). Their ideas of beauty are, on the whole, the same as ours: Consistency
and variability in the cross-cultural perception of female physical attractiveness.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68(2), 261-279.
ABSTRACT: The consistency of physical attractiveness ratings across cultural
groups was examined among Asian, Hispanic, Black, and White female students.
The results revealed high correlation in attractiveness ratings that were
equally influenced by many facial features, whereas exposure to Western
media did not influence attractiveness ratings. The physical attractiveness
of Asians were less influenced by some sexual maturity and expressive features.
The facial attractiveness ratings on Black female were highly correlated.
Black and White American men rated the attractiveness of Black female based
on facial photos and body types.
KEYWORDS: Body image; Physical attractiveness; Cross-cultural perception
Curless, M. (1992). Exercise: the key to staying young. We chart
the landscape of the active versus sedentary body in youth and beyond.
Self., 14(9), 178.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Exercise
Curtis-Korstange, K. G. (1989). Increasing body image satisfaction
in normal adolescent females. Unpublished master's thesis, Western Michigan
University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Body image; Adolescence
Czerwinski, B. S. (1993). Relationship between feminine hygiene
practices, body image and self-esteem. Unpublished doctoral dissertation,
Texas Woman's University.
ABSTRACT: (None)
KEYWORDS: Self-esteem; Body image