| Genotypic and environmental variation for flour swelling volume in wheat. Cereal Chemistry 74:16-21 |
Morris,C.F., Shackley,B.J., King,G.E. and Kidwell,K.K.
USDA/ARS Western Wheat Quality Laboratory |
| The gelatinization and swelling
of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) starch has an important effect on the quality
of end products, especially white salted noodles. This study was conducted to
determine the genotypic and environmental variation for flour swelling volume
(FSV) in wheat. FSV was measured for various spring and winter wheat cultivars
grown in up to 31 unique environments and up to four crop years. Data were analyzed
by organizing the data in to eight balanced data sets. FSV ranged from = 19
to 30 ml/g. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that cultivar was consistently
a highly significant source of variation. Environments as unique combinations
of locations and crop years were always a significant source of variation. Only
rarely were ANOVA interaction terms significant. Model R2 ranged from 0.87 to 0.98 for the eight data sets. Components of variation calculated
from ANOVA model and total sums of squares indicated that cultivar accounted
for 36.1-93.3% of the total variation. Environments, locations, and years accounted
for 1.7-61.7% of the total variation. The relative variation assignable to the
interaction of cultivars, environments, locations, or years never exceeded 10%.
Penawawa was the FSV cultivar and was significantly higher than all other cultivars
examined. In conclusion, FSV is highly and primarily influenced by cultivar
and secondly by environment, crop year more so than location within a crop year.
The small interaction of cultivar with environment suggests that FSV is highly
heritable and that cultivar development programs can easily identify and track
desirable FSV types. Incremental steps in FSV level were observed among the
various cultivars and therefore optimum levels of FSV occurring throughout the
range encountered should b attainable in new, improved cultivars.
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