| Shia (Safavid) | Sunni (Ottoman) |
A. Ottomans - Turkish
| Osman | Anatolia | Ghazis | Mehmet |
| Selim I | Mamluks | Edirne | |
| Caliph | Istanbul | Suleiman | |
| Belgrade | Janissaries | Hurrem Hoseki | |
| Sultanvizier | divan | Topkapi | |
| Mufti | Sheik al-Islam | fatwas | |
| qadis | millet | Sinan | Isnik |
| Bey | Ortakay | Bosporus | warp |
| weft | tugra | ferman |
B. Safavids
| Ismail Safavi | imam | Tabriz | |
| Shah | Baghdad | Uzbeks | Abbas |
| Isfahan | Khorasan | Ghulams | |
| damask | backgammon | Khwaju | |
| stalactite | Nader | fief |